Trends of wireless access technologies for ubiquitous services

R and D on network service systems combining optical and wireless communications seeks to speed the realization of ubiquitous service, by taking full advantage of the terminal portability and wiring-free installation of wireless service plus the wide bandwidth of optical communications. The specific technologies requiring development include: (1) nomadic service (NWA) enabling seamless access from the same terminal whether at home, in the office or on the move (from hot spots); (2) high-speed wireless LAN/home links solving the problem of interior wiring in offices and homes; and (3) fixed wireless access systems (FWA) providing low-cost wireless access lines in areas where optical fiber cannot be installed or would be too expensive.