Product disassembly costing in a life-cycle context

This paper compares the technique of Design for Disassembly (DFD) with Design for Assembly (DFA), showing that while DFA is a tool within a wider framework of design for manufacture, DFD must be used within the context of design for the environment. A process of DFD is described which identifies areas of the design with high environmental cost. These principles are illustrated with a study of telephones.