Association of acanthosis nigricans and skin tags with insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance is a metabolic disorder in which target cells fail to respond to normal levels of circulating insulin. Insulin resistance has been associated with presence of acanthosis nigricans and acrochordons. It is known that early diagnosis and early initial treatment are of paramount importance to prevent a series of future complications. These dermatoses may represent an easily identifiable sign of insulin resistance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

[1]  B. Geloneze,et al.  [Laboratorial evaluation and diagnosis of insulin resistance]. , 2006, Arquivos brasileiros de endocrinologia e metabologia.

[2]  H. Curth CLASSIFICATION OF ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS , 1976, International Journal of Dermatology.

[3]  W. Kidson Polycystic ovary syndrome: a new direction in treatment , 1998, The Medical journal of Australia.

[4]  R. Winkelmann,et al.  ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS: A STUDY OF 90 CASES , 1968, Medicine.

[5]  K. Copeland,et al.  Acanthosis Nigricans, insulin resistance (HOMA) and dyslipidemia among Native American children. , 2006, The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association.

[6]  M. Mcdaniel,et al.  Identifying the links between obesity, insulin resistance and β‐cell function: potential role of adipocyte‐derived cytokines in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes , 2002, European journal of clinical investigation.

[7]  A. Kissebah Insulin resistance in visceral obesity. , 1991, International journal of obesity.

[8]  F. Soares,et al.  Nosologic profile of dermatologic visits in Brazil , 2006 .

[9]  D. P. Murphy,et al.  Synergistic effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor I/somatomedin C (IGF-I) on keratinocyte proliferation may be mediated by IGF-I transmodulation of the EGF receptor. , 1991, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[10]  Meire Brasil Parada,et al.  Hiperandrogenismo e pele: síndrome do ovário policístico e resistência periférica à insulina , 2005 .

[11]  J. Levy,et al.  Use and abuse of HOMA modeling. , 2004, Diabetes care.

[12]  S. Rodríguez,et al.  Prevalence of insulin resistance and its association with metabolic syndrome criteria among Bolivian children and adolescents with obesity , 2008, BMC pediatrics.

[13]  田中 幸恵 Lower birth weight and visceral fat accumulation are related to hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in obese Japanese children , 2005 .

[14]  M. Johnson Cell Function , 1962 .

[15]  Bucci,et al.  The detection of human papillomavirus DNA in skin tags , 1998, The British journal of dermatology.

[16]  M. Stern,et al.  A quantitative scale of acanthosis nigricans. , 1999, Diabetes care.

[17]  G. Sadeghian,et al.  Evaluation of insulin resistance in obese women with and without acanthosis nigricans , 2009, The Journal of dermatology.

[18]  Luciane Miot,et al.  Associação entre acrocórdons e resistência à insulina , 2010 .

[19]  V. Hirschler,et al.  Is acanthosis nigricans a marker of insulin resistance in obese children? , 2002, Diabetes care.

[20]  A. Hsi,et al.  Acanthosis Nigricans and Diabetes Risk Factors: Prevalence in Young Persons Seen in Southwestern US Primary Care Practices , 2007, The Annals of Family Medicine.

[21]  R. DeFronzo Pharmacologic Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus , 1999, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[22]  S. Arora,et al.  Human papillomavirus and skin tags: is there any association? , 2008, Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology.

[23]  S. Sugihara,et al.  Clinical Characteristics of Obese Japanese Children with Acanthosis Nigricans , 2001 .

[24]  P. Twomey Skin tags and the atherogenic lipid profile , 2002, Journal of clinical pathology.

[25]  T D Hockaday,et al.  Insulin deficiency and insulin resistance interaction in diabetes: estimation of their relative contribution by feedback analysis from basal plasma insulin and glucose concentrations. , 1979, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[26]  M. Freemark,et al.  Acanthosis nigricans: a practical approach to evaluation and management. , 2008, Dermatology online journal.

[27]  R. Banik,et al.  Skin tags: localization and frequencies according to sex and age. , 1987, Dermatologica.

[28]  B. Geloneze,et al.  HOMA1-IR and HOMA2-IR indexes in identifying insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome: Brazilian Metabolic Syndrome Study (BRAMS). , 2009, Arquivos brasileiros de endocrinologia e metabologia.

[29]  A. Fallahi,et al.  Is there any relation between serum insulin and insulin‐like growth factor‐I in non‐diabetic patients with skin tag? , 2010, Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV.

[30]  Hiroshi Yoshida,et al.  Acanthosis nigricans is a reliable cutaneous marker of insulin resistance in obese Japanese children , 2003, Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society.

[31]  Razieh Soltani-Arabshahi,et al.  Skin tag as a cutaneous marker for impaired carbohydrate metabolism: a case–control study , 2007, International journal of dermatology.

[32]  S. Chanprasertyothin,et al.  Acanthosis nigricans: Clinical predictor of abnormal glucose tolerance in Asian women with polycystic ovary syndrome , 2005, Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology.

[33]  C A Stuart,et al.  Prevalence of acanthosis nigricans in an unselected population. , 1989, The American journal of medicine.

[34]  T. Akçay,et al.  Significance of acanthosis nigricans in childhood obesity , 2008, Journal of paediatrics and child health.

[35]  H. Yki-Järvinen,et al.  Natural course of insulin resistance in type I diabetes. , 1986, The New England journal of medicine.

[36]  R. Schwartz,et al.  Juvenile acanthosis nigricans. , 2007, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[37]  Y. W. Darwish,et al.  Is there a role for insulin resistance in nonobese patients with idiopathic hirsutism? , 2009, The British journal of dermatology.

[38]  G. Reaven Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease , 1988, Diabetes.

[39]  S. Mathur,et al.  Insulin resistance and skin tags. , 1997, Dermatology.

[40]  R. Jennrich,et al.  - Cell Function : A Key Pathological Determinant in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome , 2004 .

[41]  S. Demir,et al.  Acrochordon and impaired carbohydrate metabolism , 2002, Acta Diabetologica.

[42]  R. Pariser Benign neoplasms of the skin. , 1998, The Medical clinics of North America.

[43]  E. Netto,et al.  Association of acanthosis nigricans with race and metabolic disturbances in obese women. , 2002, Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas.

[44]  F. Pitoia,et al.  High prevalence of thyroid nodules in patients with achrocordons (skin tags). Possible role of insulin-resistance. , 2009, Medicina.

[45]  Bruno Geloneze,et al.  Obesity: knowledge, care, and commitment, but not yet cure. , 2009, Arquivos brasileiros de endocrinologia e metabologia.

[46]  Lina Enriqueta Frandsen Paez de Lima Rosado,et al.  Análise crítica do uso dos índices do Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) na avaliação da resistência à insulina e capacidade funcional das células-beta pancreáticas , 2008 .

[47]  A. Grüters,et al.  Type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in European children and adolescents with obesity -- a problem that is no longer restricted to minority groups. , 2004, European journal of endocrinology.

[48]  R. M. Stahn,et al.  Acanthosis Nigricans among Native Americans: an indicator of high diabetes risk. , 1994, American journal of public health.

[49]  A. Dunaif,et al.  Excessive insulin receptor serine phosphorylation in cultured fibroblasts and in skeletal muscle. A potential mechanism for insulin resistance in the polycystic ovary syndrome. , 1995, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[50]  James M. Wagner,et al.  Prevalence and significance of acanthosis nigricans in an adult obese population. , 1992, Archives of dermatology.

[51]  J. Roemmich,et al.  Pubertal alterations in growth and body composition. VI. Pubertal insulin resistance: relation to adiposity, body fat distribution and hormone release , 2002, International Journal of Obesity.

[52]  M. Tambascia,et al.  Avaliação laboratorial e diagnóstico da resistência insulínica , 2006 .

[53]  S. Sugihara,et al.  Genetic factors and clinical significance of acanthosis nigricans in obese Japanese children and adolescents , 2006, Acta paediatrica.

[54]  M. Maliqueo,et al.  Screening of glucose/insulin metabolic alterations in men with multiple skin tags on the neck , 2008, Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG.

[55]  S. Marimuthu,et al.  Acanthosis nigricans , 2009, Archives of Disease in Childhood.

[56]  J. Fermanian,et al.  Do skin tags constitute a marker for colonic polyps? A prospective study of 100 asymptomatic patients and metaanalysis of the literature. , 1988, Gastroenterology.

[57]  Acanthosis nigricans em mulheres obesas de uma população miscigenada: um marcador de distúrbios metabólicos * Acanthosis nigricans in obese women in a mixed-race population: a marker of metabolic disturbances * , 2002 .

[58]  G. Piérard,et al.  Acanthosis Nigricans Associated with Insulin Resistance , 1981, American journal of clinical dermatology.

[59]  Elisa Lee,et al.  Association of acanthosis nigricans with hyperinsulinemia compared with other selected risk factors for type 2 diabetes in Cherokee Indians: the Cherokee Diabetes Study. , 2002, Diabetes care.

[60]  J. De Groote Prevalence and significance of anti-HCV antibodies. , 1991, Acta gastro-enterologica Belgica.

[61]  M. Crook Skin tags and the atherogenic lipid profile , 2000, Journal of clinical pathology.

[62]  D. Hardin Screening for Type 2 Diabetes in Children With Acanthosis Nigricans , 2006, The Diabetes educator.