Design Collaboration and Team Working

"One of the core problems within construction industry is knowledge exchange between the different participants during the design- and engineering process (Lechner 1991, Cross 1992, Reymen 2001, van Aken 2005). To link the parts of the knowledge-triangle practice, education and research forms the basis for possible solutions - in the context of the building design-engineering (Quanjel a. Zeiler 2003). This context can be represented by the Product-Process-Organization model (Bax a. Trum 2000). At the Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TU/e) in collaboration with TNO Built Environment and Geosciences, first experiments to find a format for supporting Design Collaboration, started in 2000. Set up where training workshops for the members of BNA/ONRI (Royal Dutch Organization of Architects / Dutch Organization of Advisory Consultants), for design- teams including participants with the same educational background. More recent, a firs set up was done for design teams with participants with different educational backgrounds. These quasi-experiments (Campell a. Stanley 1971) are coupled on the basis of a concrete task from the practice and the PhD-research EURACTIVE ROOFer by E. Quanjel at the TU/e-TNO. The objective of this project is to improve the knowledge exchange between design participants of active roofs in product development as part of the total building design and its comfort-systems. Salter and Gann (2002) found that face-to-face interaction and the use of sketching are still the most important elements for developing new ideas and solving problems. Given this aspect and the characteristics of the problem definition, a methodology to support the design team during the development of the building design is introduced. This method is based on the Methodical design methodology; a matrix orientated approach used in the mechanical engineering domain (van den Kroonenberg 1978). Within the setting of Methodical Design several design-support tools are used: the Morphological Overview and the Kesselring method (Zwicky 1969, Kesselring 1954). These practical tools from the theoretical method are connected with the design practice, as reflexive practice, through quasi-experiments for architects and roofer engineers (Schoen 1983). The experiments will be done in a serial with feed-back; the Kesselring-method as well as the results of the quasi experiments itself. To distinguish the knowledge-exchange aspects, Bales' Interaction Process Analysis model is used (Bales 1950, Emmit a. Gorse, 2007). The result of these experiments is a design decision support tool for both architects and roofer-engineers in the setting of Collaborative Design

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