Hydraulic Actuator Leakage Fault Detection using Extended Kalman Filter

Abstract This paper presents the application of extended Kalman filter (EKF) in order to identify leakage faults in hydraulically powered actuators. A hydraulic actuator can suffer from two types of leakages: internal or cross-port leakage at the piston seal and, external leakage at the shaft seal or the connecting pipes. An EKF-based estimator is constructed that includes complete nonlinear models of hydraulic functions as well as inevitable stick-slip friction in the actuator. It is shown that, firstly, under normal (no-fault) operating condition, the developed estimator closely predicts the states of the system, using only a few basic measurements. Secondly, in the presence of leakage faults, the level of residual errors between the estimated and the measured line pressures, increase significantly indicating the occurrence of faults. Thirdly, different leakage types can be identified by mapping the residual errors changes. Experiments are performed on a laboratory-based hydraulic actuator circuit. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed EKF-based fault detection scheme to promptly and reliably respond to actuator's external and internal leakage faults.

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