Observation of the Doubly Charmed Baryon Ξc c

A highly significant structure is observed in the Λ_{c}^{+}K^{-}π^{+}π^{+} mass spectrum, where the Λ_{c}^{+} baryon is reconstructed in the decay mode pK^{-}π^{+}. The structure is consistent with originating from a weakly decaying particle, identified as the doubly charmed baryon Ξ_{cc}^{++}. The difference between the masses of the Ξ_{cc}^{++} and Λ_{c}^{+} states is measured to be 1334.94±0.72(stat.)±0.27(syst.)  MeV/c^{2}, and the Ξ_{cc}^{++} mass is then determined to be 3621.40±0.72(stat.)±0.27(syst.)±0.14(Λ_{c}^{+})  MeV/c^{2}, where the last uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the Λ_{c}^{+} mass. The state is observed in a sample of proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.7  fb^{-1}, and confirmed in an additional sample of data collected at 8 TeV.

I. A. Monroy | I. Babuschkin | S. Amerio | F. Bedeschi | I. Gorelov | D. Lucchesi | R. Appleby | L. Federici | W. Kucewicz | H. Dembinski | M. van Beuzekom | C. Frei | A. Artamonov | E. Cogneras | T. Colombo | J. Marchand | M. Idzik | T. Bowcock | D. Derkach | M. Hushchyn | R. Lindner | A. Bay | A. Bondar | J. Brodzicka | T. Gershon | P. Krokovny | S. Baker | J. Dalseno | M. Corvo | M. Frank | C. Gaspar | V. Gligorov | P. Billoir | V. Bocci | W. Bonivento | M. Calvi | P. Charpentier | P. Collins | H. Dijkstra | F. Fontanelli | D. Johnson | D. Golubkov | S. Beranek | T. Klimkovich | W. Funk | M. Kenzie | A. Heister | A. Di Canto | C. Betancourt | J. Cogan | G. Alkhazov | S. Eidelman | T. Likhomanenko | D. Decamp | P. Ghez | Z. Ajaltouni | S. Cadeddu | A. Lai | E. Grauges | D. Gascon | R. Barlow | C. Bozzi | M. Charles | M. Chefdeville | L. Garrido | R. Forty | G. Bencivenni | P. Campana | M. Cattaneo | A. Lusiani | D. Ferguson | F. Alessio | A. Malinin | E. Ben-Haim | G. Auriemma | T. Fiutowski | A. Grecu | K. Belous | G. Haefeli | L. Gruber | U. Egede | X. Liu | M. Chrzaszcz | A. Mauri | F. Lemaitre | F. Blanc | T. Kirn | A. Morris | A. Kosmyntseva | Z. Li | G. Casse | A. Leflat | B. Adeva | M. Merk | A. Bizzeti | I. Belyaev | A. Gomes | S. Easo | G. Corti | C. Jones | S. Amato | A. Mathad | K. Klimaszewski | W. Krzemień | R. Aaij | M. Adinolfi | S. Akar | J. Albrecht | M. Alexander | A. Alfonso Albero | S. Ali | P. Alvarez Cartelle | Y. Amhis | L. An | L. Anderlini | G. Andreassi | M. Andreotti | J. Andrews | F. Archilli | P. d'Argent | J. Arnau Romeu | M. Artuso | E. Aslanides | S. Bachmann | J. Back | V. Balagura | W. Baldini | A. Baranov | S. Barsuk | W. Barter | F. Baryshnikov | V. Batozskaya | V. Battista | J. Beddow | I. Bediaga | A. Beiter | L. Bel | V. Bellée | N. Belloli | S. Benson | A. Berezhnoy | R. Bernet | D. Berninghoff | E. Bertholet | A. Bertolin | F. Betti | M. Bettler | I. Bezshyiko | S. Bifani | A. Birnkraut | T. Blake | S. Blusk | T. Boettcher | S. Borghi | M. Borisyak | M. Borsato | F. Bossù | M. Boubdir | S. Braun | D. Brundu | E. Buchanan | C. Burr | A. Bursche | W. Byczynski | H. Cai | R. Calabrese | R. Calladine | M. Calvo Gómez | A. Camboni | D. C. Cámpora Pérez | L. Capriotti | A. Carbone | G. Carboni | R. Cardinale | A. Cardini | P. Carniti | L. Carson | K. Carvalho Akiba | L. Cassina | G. Cavallero | R. Cenci | D. Chamont | G. Chatzikonstantinidis | S. Chen | S. Chitic | V. Chobanova | A. Chubykin | P. Ciambrone | X. Cid Vidal | G. Ciezarek | P. Clarke | M. Clemencic | H. Cliff | J. Closier | L. Cojocariu | A. Comerma-Montells | A. Contu | G. Coombs | S. Coquereau | C. Costa Sobral | B. Couturier | D. Craik | A. Crocombe | M. Cruz Torres | R. Currie | C. D’Ambrosio | E. Dall’Occo | C. Dean | M. Demmer | A. Dendek | O. Deschamps | F. Dettori | B. Dey | F. Dordei | A. Dosil Suárez | L. Douglas | A. Dovbnya | K. Dreimanis | L. Dufour | G. Dujany | P. Durante | R. Dzhelyadin | M. Dziewiecki | A. Dziurda | A. Dzyuba | V. Egorychev | S. Eisenhardt | U. Eitschberger | R. Ekelhof | L. Eklund | S. Ely | S. Esen | T. Evans | A. Falabella | N. Farley | S. Farry | D. Fazzini | P. Fernandez Declara | A. Fernández Prieto | F. Ferrari | F. Ferreira Rodrigues | M. Ferro-Luzzi | S. Filippov | R. Fini | M. Fiorini | M. Firlej | C. Fitzpatrick | F. Fleuret | M. Fontana | V. Franco Lima | J. Fu | C. Färber | E. Gabriel | A. Gallas Torreira | D. Galli | S. Gallorini | S. Gambetta | M. Gandelman | P. Gandini | L. Garcia Martin | J. García Pardiñas | J. Garra Ticó | L. Gavardi | G. Gazzoni | D. Gerick | E. Gersabeck | M. Gersabeck | V. Gibson | O. Girard | L. Giubega | K. Gizdov | A. Golutvin | C. Gotti | E. Govorkova | J. Grabowski | R. Graciani Diaz | L. Granado Cardoso | E. Graverini | G. Graziani | R. Greim | P. Griffith | L. Grillo | Barak Raimond Gruberg Cazon | O. Grünberg | E. Gushchin | T. Gys | C. Göbel | T. Hadavizadeh | C. Haen | S. Haines | T. Hancock | S. Hansmann-Menzemer | S. Harnew | C. Hasse | M. Hatch | M. Hecker | K. Heinicke | M. Heß | P. H. Hopchev | Z. Huard | T. Humair | P. Ibis | P. Ilten | R. Jacobsson | J. Jalocha | E. Jans | F. Jiang | M. John | N. Jurik | M. Karacson | J. Kariuki | S. Karodia | N. Kazeev | M. Kecke | M. Kelsey | E. Khairullin | B. Khanji | C. Khurewathanakul | S. Klaver | S. Koliiev | M. Kolpin | R. Kopečná | S. Kotriakhova | M. Kozeiha | M. Kucharczyk | A. Kuonen | G. Lanfranchi | P. Li | F. Lionetto | V. Lisovskyi | D. Loh | A. Loi | M. Lucio Martínez | A. Lupato | E. Luppi | O. Lupton | X. Lyu | F. Machefert | V. Macko | P. Mackowiak | S. Maddrell-Mander | K. Maguire | D. Maisuzenko | M. Majewski | T. Maltsev | G. Mancinelli | D. Marangotto | J. Maratas | C. Marin Benito | M. Marinangeli | P. Marino | M. Martin | D. Martínez Santos | F. Martinez Vidal | R. Matev | B. Maurin | A. Mazurov | M. McCann | A. McNab | J. Mead | C. Méaux | N. Meinert | D. Melnychuk | A. Merli | E. Michielin | D. Milanés | E. Millard | M. Minard | L. Minzoni | D. Mitzel | A. Mogini | J. M. Molina Rodríguez | S. Monteil | M. Morandin | O. Morgunova | M. Mulder | D. Müller | J. Müller | A. A. Alves | F. Da Cunha Marinho | O. A. de Aguiar Francisco | S. de Capua | M. De Cian | J. De Miranda | L. D. de Paula | M. De Serio | P. De Simone | L. Del Buono | P. Di Nezza | Y. Gao | S. Gianì | E. van Herwijnen | R. Le Gac | A. Bitadze | D. Forshaw | J. Blouw | L. Beaucourt | M. Baalouch | V. Cogoni | M. Fiore | E. Furfaro | K. Kurek | A. Badalov | C. Barschel | M. Dorigo | I. Komarov | E. Bowen | A. Cook | P. Naik | H. Evans | H. Luo | S. Cheung | T. Britton | C. Baesso | L. Massacrier | Y. Li | L. Henry | T. Mombacher | A. Nandi | I. Bordyuzhin | R. Fay | A. Borgheresi | L. Castillo García | M. Ebert | G. Fernández | K. Fohl | P. Garsed | J. van Leerdam | E. Lemos Cid | P. Manning | D. Martins Tostes | V. Müller | A. Bitadze | M. Borysova | B. Maddock | J. He | M. Bjoern | L. M. Garcia Martin | J. P. Grabowski | J. He | A. Jawahery | F. Meier | M. Kreps | S. Malde | G. Manca | R. McNulty | Y. Guz | C. Hadjivasiliou | B. Hamilton | N. Harnew | J. Harrison | K. Hennessy | P. Henrard | A. Hicheur | D. Hill | W. Hulsbergen | C. Joram | B. Jost | S. Kandybei | T. Ketel | P. Koppenburg | F. Kruse | V. Kudryavtsev | D. Lacarrère | G. Lafferty | C. Langenbruch | C. Lazzeroni | J. Lefrancois | R. Lefèvre | O. Leroy | T. Lesiak | B. Leverington | I. Longstaff | J. Lopes | F. Maciuc | O. Maev | U. Marconi | J. Marks | G. Martellotti | M. Martinelli | A. Massafferri | Z. Máthé | C. Matteuzzi | E. Maurice | M. Morello | R. Mountain | F. Muheim | T. Nakada | R. Nandakumar | I. Nasteva | K. Müller | T. Latham | J. Buytaert | D. Hutchcroft | G. Cowan | A. Davis | P. Hopchev | P. de Simone | B. Meadows | T. Kvaratskheliya | X. Han | J. Moroń | T. Li | F. Martínez Vidal | M. Chrząszcz | N. Beliy | N. Bondar | M. Martin | D. Gascón | T. Li | L. de Paula | T. Li | D. Lacarrere | V. Bellee | P. d’Argent | M. Calvo Gomez | S. De Capua | L. De Paula | M. Lucio Martinez | D. Martinez Santos | D. Campora Perez | J. Dalseno | N. Beliy | S. Beranek | D. Galli | P. Ilten

[1]  S. Amerio,et al.  Search for the doubly charmed baryon $ \Xi_{cc}^{+} $ , 2013, Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy.

[2]  M. Gell-Mann A Schematic Model of Baryons and Mesons , 1964, Resonance.

[3]  Hai-Yang Cheng,et al.  Lifetimes of doubly charmed baryons , 2018, Physical Review D.

[4]  C. Lu,et al.  Discovery potentials of doubly charmed baryons , 2017, 1703.09086.

[5]  Zhi-Gang wang Analysis of the 1 2 + doubly heavy baryon states with QCD sum rules , 2018 .

[6]  M. Karliner,et al.  Isospin splittings in baryons with two heavy quarks , 2017, 1706.06961.

[7]  I. Zahed,et al.  Heavy and Strange Holographic Baryons , 2017, 1705.01397.

[8]  I. Zahed,et al.  Heavy Baryons and their Exotics from Instantons in Holographic QCD , 2017, 1704.03412.

[9]  C. Alexandrou,et al.  Low-lying baryon masses using $N_f=2$ twisted mass clover-improved fermions directly at the physical pion mass , 2017, 1704.02647.

[10]  Wei Wang,et al.  Weak Decays of Doubly Charmed Baryons , 2017 .

[11]  Zhi-Feng Sun,et al.  Masses of doubly charmed baryons in the extended on-mass-shell renormalization scheme , 2016, 1602.04714.

[12]  G. Dujany,et al.  Real-time alignment and cali bration of the LHCb Detector in Run II , 2015 .

[13]  G. Bali,et al.  Charmed baryon spectroscopy and light flavor symmetry from lattice QCD , 2015, 1503.08440.

[14]  K. Wei,et al.  Masses of doubly and triply charmed baryons , 2015, 1503.05184.

[15]  Xiang Liu,et al.  Masses and axial currents of the doubly charmed baryons , 2014, 1411.2117.

[16]  M. Dorigo,et al.  LHCb detector performance , 2014, 1412.6352.

[17]  K. Orginos,et al.  Charmed bottom baryon spectroscopy from lattice QCD , 2014, 1409.0497.

[18]  M. Karliner,et al.  Baryons with two heavy quarks: Masses, production, decays, and detection , 2014, 1408.5877.

[19]  S. Amerio,et al.  Precision measurement of D meson mass differences , 2013, 1304.6865.

[20]  K. Kanaya,et al.  Charmed baryons at the physical point in 2+1 flavor lattice QCD , 2013, 1301.4743.

[21]  S. Malde,et al.  Performance of the LHCb RICH detector at the LHC , 2012, The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields.

[22]  J.Serrano,et al.  The LHCb trigger and its performance in 2011 , 2012, 1211.3055.

[23]  Xian-You Wang,et al.  GENXICC2.1: An improved version of GENXICC for hadronic production of doubly heavy baryons , 2012, Comput. Phys. Commun..

[24]  T. Aliev,et al.  Doubly heavy spin-1/2 baryon spectrum in QCD , 2012, 1205.2873.

[25]  J. Rademacker,et al.  Measurement of b-hadron masses , 2012 .

[26]  S. Miglioranzi,et al.  The LHCb Simulation Application, Gauss: Design, Evolution and Experience , 2011 .

[27]  S. Brodsky,et al.  Isospin Splittings of Doubly Heavy Baryons , 2011, 1101.1983.

[28]  P. Harrison,et al.  Handling of the generation of primary events in Gauss, the LHCb simulation framework , 2010, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposuim & Medical Imaging Conference.

[29]  Chao-Hsi Chang,et al.  GENXICC2.0: An upgraded version of the generator for hadronic production of double heavy baryons Xicc, Xibc and Xibb , 2009, Comput. Phys. Commun..

[30]  F. Tegenfeldt,et al.  TMVA , the Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis with ROOT , 2008 .

[31]  Ming-qiu Huang,et al.  Doubly heavy baryons in QCD sum rules , 2008, 0810.5396.

[32]  Chris P. Barnes,et al.  The LHCb detector at the LHC , 2008 .

[33]  J. Vijande,et al.  Towards an understanding of heavy baryon spectroscopy , 2008, 0807.2973.

[34]  C. Hwang,et al.  Isospin mass splittings of heavy baryons in heavy quark symmetry , 2008, 0804.4044.

[35]  W. Roberts,et al.  Heavy baryons in a quark model , 2007, 0711.2492.

[36]  Peter Skands,et al.  A brief introduction to PYTHIA 8.1 , 2007, Comput. Phys. Commun..

[37]  Chao-Hsi Chang,et al.  Lifetime of Doubly Charmed Baryons , 2007, 0704.0016.

[38]  M. Wolter,et al.  TMVA - Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis , 2007, physics/0703039.

[39]  Chao-Hsi Chang,et al.  GENXICC: A generator for hadronic production of the double heavy baryons Xicc, Xibc and Xibb , 2007, Comput. Phys. Commun..

[40]  J. Albert,et al.  Search for doubly charmed baryons Ξ_(cc)^+ and Ξ_(cc)^(++) in BABAR , 2006 .

[41]  H. J. Kim,et al.  Observation of New States Decaying into Λ_{c}^{+}K^{-}π^{+} and Λ_{c}^{+}K_{S}^{0}π^{-} , 2006 .

[42]  K. F. Chen,et al.  Observation of new states decaying into Lambda(c)(+)Kappa(-)pi(+) and Lambda(c)(+)Kappa(0)/(s)pi(-). , 2006, Physical review letters.

[43]  E. al.,et al.  Search for doubly charmed baryons Xi(+)(cc) and Xi(++)(cc) in BABAR RID C-2728-2008 RID C-5223-2009 RID C-5719-2008 RID D-1055-2009 RID A-2675-2009 , 2006, hep-ex/0605075.

[44]  S. Incerti,et al.  Geant4 developments and applications , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science.

[45]  C. Qiao,et al.  Estimate of the hadronic production of the doubly charmed baryon Xi(cc) in the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme , 2006, hep-ph/0601032.

[46]  Z. Was,et al.  PHOTOS Monte Carlo: a precision tool for QED correctionsin Z and W decays , 2005, hep-ph/0506026.

[47]  W. Hulsbergen,et al.  Decay chain fitting with a Kalman filter , 2005, physics/0503191.

[48]  E. al.,et al.  Confirmation of the Double Charm Baryon Xi_cc+ via its Decay to p D+ K- , 2004, hep-ex/0406033.

[49]  P. Shen,et al.  Evaluation of the spectra of baryons containing two heavy quarks in a bag model , 2004, hep-ph/0403301.

[50]  G. Punzi Sensitivity of Searches for New Signals and Its Optimization , 2003, physics/0308063.

[51]  F. Mescia,et al.  Spectroscopy of doubly-charmed baryons in lattice QCD , 2003, hep-lat/0307025.

[52]  S. Carrillo,et al.  New results on c-baryons and a search for cc-baryons in FOCUS , 2003 .

[53]  A. Dell'Acqua,et al.  Geant4 - A simulation toolkit , 2003 .

[54]  I. Narodetskiǐ,et al.  The doubly heavy baryons , 2002, hep-ph/0209044.

[55]  V. A. Victorov,et al.  First observation of the doubly charmed baryon Xi(+)(cc). , 2002, Physical review letters.

[56]  R. Woloshyn,et al.  Charmed and bottom baryons from lattice NRQCD , 2002, hep-ph/0203253.

[57]  D. Ebert,et al.  Mass spectra of doubly heavy baryons in the relativistic quark model , 2002, hep-ph/0201217.

[58]  F. Azfar,et al.  B Physics at the Tevatron: Run II and Beyond , 2001, hep-ph/0201071.

[59]  S. Mrenna,et al.  Pythia 6.3 physics and manual , 2003, hep-ph/0308153.

[60]  D. Lange,et al.  The EvtGen particle decay simulation package , 2001 .

[61]  V. V. Kiselev,et al.  Baryons with two heavy quarks , 2001, hep-ph/0103169.

[62]  C. Itoh,et al.  Doubly charmed baryon masses and quark wave functions in baryons , 2000 .

[63]  H. Stefancic,et al.  Inclusive decays and lifetimes of doubly-charmed baryons , 1999, hep-ph/9911241.

[64]  V. V. Kiselev,et al.  SPECTROSCOPY OF DOUBLY CHARMED BARYONS: $\Xi_{cc}^+$ AND $\Xi_{cc}^{++}$ , 1998, hep-ph/9807375.

[65]  V. V. Kiselev,et al.  Lifetimes of doubly charmed baryons: Xi(cc)+ and Xi(cc)++ , 1998, hep-ph/9807354.

[66]  V. V. Kiselev,et al.  Spectroscopy of doubly heavy baryons , 1998 .

[67]  V. V. Kiselev,et al.  Doubly charmed baryon production in hadronic experiments , 1998 .

[68]  Hayes,et al.  Review of Particle Physics. , 1996, Physical review. D, Particles and fields.

[69]  Chernyshev,et al.  Heavy hadrons and QCD instantons. , 1995, Physical review. D, Particles and fields.

[70]  K. Kołodziej,et al.  Production of Bc mesons in hadronic collisions , 1995, hep-ph/9505298.

[71]  A. Berezhnoy,et al.  Hadronic production of B_c-mesons , 1994 .

[72]  M. Polikarpov,et al.  Multiquark masses and wave functions through a modified green function Monte Carlo method , 1990 .

[73]  J. Richard,et al.  Baryons with Double Charm , 1989 .

[74]  T. Skwarnicki A study of the radiative CASCADE transitions between the Upsilon-Prime and Upsilon resonances , 1986 .

[75]  H. Georgi,et al.  Hadron Masses in a Gauge Theory , 1975 .

[76]  G. Zweig An SU(3) model for strong interaction symmetry and its breaking. Version 1 , 1964 .

[77]  V. A. Victorov,et al.  Con rmation of the Double Charm Baryon + cc ( 3520 ) via its Decay to pD + K � , 2022 .