Modeling fluorescence collection from single molecules in microspheres: effects of position, orientation, and frequency.

We present calculations of fluorescence from single molecules (modeled as damped oscillating dipoles) inside a dielectric sphere. For an excited molecule at an arbitrary position within the sphere we calculate the fluorescence intensity collected by an objective in some well-defined detection geometry. We find that, for the cases we model, integration over the emission linewidth of the molecule is essential for obtaining representative results. Effects such as dipole position and orientation, numerical aperture of the collection objective, sphere size, emission wavelength, and linewidth are examined. These results are applicable to single-molecule detection techniques employing microdroplets.

[1]  Lorcan Folan,et al.  Enhanced energy transfer within a microparticle , 1985 .

[2]  Becker,et al.  Femtosecond photon echoes from molecules in solution. , 1989, Physical review letters.

[3]  P. Chylek,et al.  Resonance structure of Mie scattering: distance between resonances , 1990 .

[4]  H. I. Saleheen,et al.  Volume current method for modeling light scattering by inhomogeneously perturbed spheres , 1995 .

[5]  S C Hill,et al.  Energy-density distribution inside large nonabsorbing spheres by using Mie theory and geometrical optics. , 1992, Applied optics.

[6]  Lin,et al.  Cavity-modified spontaneous-emission rates in liquid microdroplets. , 1992, Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics.

[7]  R. Chang,et al.  Evaporation and condensation rates of liquid droplets deduced from structure resonances in the fluorescence spectra. , 1984, Optics letters.

[8]  Michael D. Barnes,et al.  Homogeneous linewidths of Rhodamine 6G at room temperature from cavity-enhanced spontaneous emission rates , 1992 .

[9]  J Z Zhang,et al.  Spatial distribution of the internal and near-field intensities of large cylindrical and spherical scatterers. , 1987, Applied optics.

[10]  Chew.  Radiation and lifetimes of atoms inside dielectric particles. , 1988, Physical review. A, General physics.

[11]  Richard K. Chang,et al.  STIMULATED RAMAN SCATTERING OF AQUEOUS DROPLETS CONTAINING IONS: CONCENTRATION AND SIZE DETERMINATION , 1990 .

[12]  E. James Davis,et al.  Microparticle raman spectroscopy of multicomponent aerosols , 1991 .

[13]  H. Chew.  Transition rates of atoms near spherical surfaces , 1987 .

[14]  H. M. Lai,et al.  Dielectric microspheres as optical cavities: thermal spectrum and density of states , 1987 .

[15]  Michael D. Barnes,et al.  Detecting Single Molecules in Liquids , 1995 .

[16]  H. M. Lai,et al.  Dielectric microspheres as optical cavities: Einstein A and B coefficients and level shift , 1987 .

[17]  Ramsey,et al.  Fluorescence of oriented molecules in a microcavity. , 1996, Physical review letters.

[18]  J. Michael Ramsey,et al.  Detection of single Rhodamine 6G molecules in levitated microdroplets , 1993 .

[19]  P. Mcnulty,et al.  Fluorescent scattering by molecules embedded in small particles , 1976 .

[20]  Young,et al.  Electromagnetic decay into a narrow resonance in an optical cavity. , 1988, Physical review. A, General physics.

[21]  J. Lock,et al.  Internal Caustic Structure of Illuminated Liquid Droplets , 1991 .

[22]  K. L. Kliewer,et al.  Optical Modes of Vibration in an Ionic Crystal Sphere , 1968 .

[23]  Robert E. Benner,et al.  Morphology-Dependent Resonances , 1988 .

[24]  J. Michael Ramsey,et al.  Enhanced fluorescence yields through cavity quantum-electrodynamic effects in microdroplets , 1994 .

[25]  P. Mcnulty,et al.  Radiation pattern of fluorescence from molecules embedded in small particles: general case. , 1983, Applied optics.