Refuse to Walk on Clouds: Why Firms Still do Not Use Cloud Computing -- An Empirical Study of Barriers and Enhancers

Although cloud computing has highly visible ad-vantages that are propagated since many years, the adoption rate in Germany is still quite low. This paper investigates the reasons why. Therefore, we undertook an empirical study to identify the main barriers and enhancers of cloud computing. Results show that, although the classic data risk and costs benefits still dominate the opinion, they do not significantly influence the usage of cloud computing services.

[1]  Casey G. Cegielski,et al.  An integrated environmental perspective on software as a service adoption in manufacturing and retail firms , 2015, J. Inf. Technol..

[2]  Casey G. Cegielski,et al.  Environmental Pressure on Software as a Service Adoption: An Integrated Perspective , 2013, AMCIS.

[3]  Arun Anandasivam,et al.  Cloud Services from a Consumer Perspective , 2010, AMCIS.

[4]  Fred D. Davis,et al.  A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies , 2000, Management Science.

[5]  Nina Helander,et al.  Adoption of Open Source Software and Software-as-a- Service Models in the Telecommunication Industry , 2011, ICSOB.

[6]  B. Narasimhan,et al.  State of Cloud Applications and Platforms: The Cloud Adopters' View , 2011, Computer.

[7]  J. R. King,et al.  The Challenge of the Computer Utility , 1967 .

[8]  Bret Waters,et al.  Software as a service: A look at the customer benefits , 2005 .

[9]  Thomas Hess,et al.  Drivers of SaaS-Adoption – An Empirical Study of Different Application Types , 2009, Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng..

[10]  Frank Huber,et al.  Kausalmodellierung mit Partial Least Squares , 2007 .

[11]  Farid Shirazi,et al.  Factors Influencing the Adoption of Cloud Computing by Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) , 2014, HCI.

[12]  Ali Sunyaev,et al.  Determinant factors of cloud-sourcing decisions: reflecting on the IT outsourcing literature in the era of cloud computing , 2016, J. Inf. Technol..

[13]  G. Feuerlicht,et al.  Cloud Computing Adoption : A comparative study , 2012 .

[14]  Roger Clarke,et al.  Privacy and consumer risks in cloud computing , 2010, Comput. Law Secur. Rev..

[15]  H. Winklhofer,et al.  Index Construction with Formative Indicators: An Alternative to Scale Development , 2001 .

[16]  Seung-Hoon Chae,et al.  Drivers and inhibitors of SaaS adoption in Korea , 2013, International Journal of Information Management.

[17]  Donna L. Hoffman,et al.  Information Privacy in the Marketspace: Implications for the Commercial Uses of Anonymity on the Web , 1999, Inf. Soc..

[18]  Gordon B. Davis,et al.  User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View , 2003, MIS Q..

[19]  F. Bookstein,et al.  Two Structural Equation Models: LISREL and PLS Applied to Consumer Exit-Voice Theory: , 1982 .

[20]  L. G. Pee,et al.  The Impact of Institutional Influences on Perceived Technological Characteristics and Real Options in Cloud Computing Adoption , 2010, ICIS.

[21]  Saad T. Alharbi,et al.  Users' Acceptance of Cloud Computing in Saudi Arabia: An Extension of Technology Acceptance Model , 2012, Int. J. Cloud Appl. Comput..

[22]  C. Fornell,et al.  Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. , 1981 .

[23]  E. Rogers,et al.  Diffusion of innovations , 1964, Encyclopedia of Sport Management.

[24]  Thomas Hess,et al.  Opportunities and risks of software-as-a-service: Findings from a survey of IT executives , 2011, Decis. Support Syst..

[25]  F. Bookstein,et al.  Two Structural Equation Models: LISREL and PLS Applied to Consumer Exit-Voice Theory , 1982 .

[26]  R. Lennox,et al.  Conventional wisdom on measurement: A structural equation perspective. , 1991 .

[27]  Detmar W. Straub,et al.  Validating Instruments in MIS Research , 1989, MIS Q..

[28]  Alexander Benlian,et al.  A transaction cost theoretical analysis of software-as-a-service (SAAS)-based sourcing in SMBs and enterprises , 2009, ECIS.

[29]  Wei-Wen Wu,et al.  Mining significant factors affecting the adoption of SaaS using the rough set approach , 2011, J. Syst. Softw..

[30]  Jan-Bernd Lohmöller,et al.  Latent Variable Path Modeling with Partial Least Squares , 1989 .

[31]  Chinyao Low,et al.  Understanding the determinants of cloud computing adoption , 2011, Ind. Manag. Data Syst..

[32]  Fred D. Davis Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology , 1989, MIS Q..

[33]  J. Hair Multivariate data analysis : a global perspective , 2010 .

[34]  Cheryl Burke Jarvis,et al.  A Critical Review of Construct Indicators and Measurement Model Misspecification in Marketing and Consumer Research , 2003 .

[35]  Arumugam Seetharaman,et al.  The usage and adoption of cloud computing by small and medium businesses , 2013, Int. J. Inf. Manag..

[36]  Paul A. Pavlou,et al.  Predicting E-Services Adoption: A Perceived Risk Facets Perspective , 2002, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[37]  Rudolf R. Sinkovics,et al.  The Use of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling in International Marketing , 2009 .

[38]  Mathews Nkhoma,et al.  Contributing factors of cloud computing adoption: a technology-organisation-environment framework approach , 2013 .

[39]  O. Williamson The Economics of Organization: The Transaction Cost Approach , 1981, American Journal of Sociology.

[40]  Marko Sarstedt,et al.  Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research , 2014 .

[41]  P. Mell,et al.  The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing , 2011 .

[42]  Andy P. Field,et al.  Discovering Statistics Using SPSS , 2000 .

[43]  L. Youseff,et al.  Toward a Unified Ontology of Cloud Computing , 2008, 2008 Grid Computing Environments Workshop.

[44]  Jonas Repschläger,et al.  Cloud computing adoption: an empirical study of customer preferences among start-up companies , 2013, Electronic Markets.

[45]  Paula Kotzé,et al.  Secure cloud computing: Benefits, risks and controls , 2011, 2011 Information Security for South Africa.

[46]  Ogan Yigitbasioglu,et al.  Modelling the Intention to Adopt Cloud Computing Services: A Transaction Cost Theory Perspective , 2014, Australas. J. Inf. Syst..

[47]  N. Venkatraman,et al.  An Empirical Study of Information Technology Outsourcing: Benefits, Risks, and Performance Implications , 1995, ICIS.

[48]  Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay,et al.  Cloud computing - The business perspective , 2011, Decis. Support Syst..

[49]  Tsipi Heart,et al.  Who is out there?: exploring the effects of trust and perceived risk on saas adoption intentions , 2010, DATB.

[50]  David C. Yen,et al.  An exploratory study to understand the critical factors affecting the decision to adopt cloud computing in Taiwan hospital , 2014, Int. J. Inf. Manag..

[51]  Jennifer Blaskovich,et al.  Accounting executives and IT outsourcing recommendations: an experimental study of the effect of CIO skills and institutional isomorphism , 2011, J. Inf. Technol..

[52]  Omiros D. Sarikas,et al.  Journal of Enterprise Information Management , 2022 .

[53]  Lutz Kolbe,et al.  Technology Acceptance of Cloud Computing: Empirical Evidence from German IT Departments , 2012, 2012 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

[54]  Randy H. Katz,et al.  A view of cloud computing , 2010, CACM.

[55]  Timo Saarinen,et al.  Outsourcing of Disaggregated Services in Cloud-Based Enterprise Information Systems , 2014, 2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

[56]  Wynne W. Chin Issues and Opinion on Structural Equation Modeling by , 2009 .

[57]  Christine Legner,et al.  Why Do Companies Migrate Towards Cloud Enterprise Systems? A Post-Implementation Perspective , 2014, 2014 IEEE 16th Conference on Business Informatics.