Tc99m-hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scintigraphy in clinical practice.

There have been evolutionary changes in the management of pathological conditions of the hepatobiliary system over recent years, particularly with an increasing emphasis on modern hepatobiliary surgical techniques. Concurrent advances have occurred in imaging technology and availability, leading to a greater use of ultrasound, multidetector computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the primary evaluation of hepatobiliary disease. Radionuclide imaging using technetium(99m) (Tc(99m)) hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) derivatives is an established technique that complements morphological imaging, providing valuable functional information in both pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with suspected or known hepatobiliary disease. This review discusses the current clinical indications for Tc(99m) HIDA scintigraphy using clinical cases to demonstrate how this technique continues to play a valuable diagnostic role in the assessment of the functional integrity of the hepatobiliary system.

[1]  L. Freeman,et al.  Role of99mTc-IDA cholescintigraphy in evaluating biliary tract disorders , 1980, Gastrointestinal Radiology.

[2]  J. Baillie.  Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction , 2010, Current gastroenterology reports.

[3]  P. E. Dibos,et al.  Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction: Two Case Reports and a Review of the Literature , 2000, Clinical nuclear medicine.

[4]  H. Petrowsky,et al.  Strategies for safer liver surgery and partial liver transplantation. , 2007, The New England journal of medicine.

[5]  S. Chatziioannou,et al.  Hepatobiliary scintigraphy is superior to abdominal ultrasonography in suspected acute cholecystitis. , 2000, Surgery.

[6]  A. Becker,et al.  Early predictors of success of Kasai operation in children with biliary atresia. , 2007, European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie.

[7]  A. Axon,et al.  Bile reflux and intestinal metaplasia in gastric mucosa. , 1993, Journal of clinical pathology.

[8]  L. Muenz,et al.  Cholecystokinin cholescintigraphy: methodology and normal values using a lactose-free fatty-meal food supplement. , 2003, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[9]  T E Starzl.  Liver Transplantation: Practice and Management , 1994 .

[10]  M. Arregui,et al.  HIDA scan ejection fraction does not predict sphincter of Oddi hypertension or clinical outcome in patients with suspected chronic acalculous cholecystitis , 2006, Surgical Endoscopy And Other Interventional Techniques.

[11]  P. Nyckowski,et al.  Assessment of early biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation and their relationship to the technique of biliary reconstruction. , 2006, Transplantation proceedings.

[12]  E. Shaffer,et al.  Diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease by /sup 99m/Tc-HIDA cholescintigraphy , 1978 .

[13]  K. Menon,et al.  The role of (99m)technetium-labelled hepato imino diacetic acid (HIDA) scan in the management of biliary pain. , 2007, HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association.

[14]  R. Evans,et al.  Chronic Acalculous Biliary Disease: Cholecystokinin Cholescintigraphy is Useful in Formulating Treatment Strategy and Predicting Success after Cholecystectomy , 2002, The American surgeon.

[15]  O. Schillaci,et al.  Scintigraphic assessment of SO dysfunction , 2003, Gut.

[16]  E. Shaffer,et al.  Diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease by 99mTc-HIDA cholescintigraphy. , 1978, Radiology.

[17]  A. Rastogi,et al.  Controversies Concerning Pathophysiology and Management of Acalculous Biliary-Type Abdominal Pain , 2005, Digestive Diseases and Sciences.

[18]  S. Bagga.  Essentials of Nuclear Medicine Imaging, 5th ed. , 2006, American Journal of Neuroradiology.

[19]  Fred A. Mettler,et al.  Essentials of Nuclear Medicine Imaging , 1983 .

[20]  J. Belghiti,et al.  Surgery of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas , 2007 .

[21]  R. Reifen,et al.  Outcome of hepatobiliary scanning in neonatal hepatitis syndrome. , 1997, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[22]  P. Neuhaus,et al.  Bile duct complications after liver transplantation , 2005, Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation.

[23]  J. Thrall,et al.  Nuclear Medicine: The Requisites , 1995 .

[24]  M. Mercado,et al.  Classification and management of bile duct injuries. , 2011, World journal of gastrointestinal surgery.

[25]  G. Johnston,et al.  Differentiation of jaundice in infancy: An application of radionuclide biliary studies , 1985, Journal of surgical oncology.

[26]  M. Pakarinen,et al.  Surgery of Biliary Atresia , 2011, Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society.

[27]  H. Ziessman.  Nuclear medicine hepatobiliary imaging. , 2010, Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association.

[28]  R. Hawkins,et al.  Accurate demonstration of hepatic infarction in liver transplant recipients. , 1986, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[29]  T. Gilat,et al.  Frequency of Papillary Dysfunction Among Cholecystectomized Patients , 1984, Hepatology.

[30]  E. Eikman.  Radionuclide hepatobiliary procedures: when can HIDA help? , 1979, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[31]  R. Reba,et al.  Hepatobiliary scintigraphy with 99mTc-PIPIDA in the evaluation of neonatal jaundice. , 1981, Pediatrics.

[32]  H. Rhim,et al.  Bronchobiliary fistula after radiofrequency thermal ablation of hepatic tumor. , 2005, Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR.

[33]  R. Halvorsen,et al.  Bronchobiliary fistula after liver transplantation. , 2004, Journal of computer assisted tomography.

[34]  A. Alavi,et al.  Cholescintigraphy in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis: morphine augmentation is superior to delayed imaging. , 1993, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[35]  J. Laurila,et al.  Acute acalculous cholecystitis in critically ill patients , 2004, Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.

[36]  C. Fischbacher,et al.  Impact of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a population-based study , 2000, The Lancet.

[37]  P. Lass,et al.  Duodenogastric reflux: clinical and therapeutic aspects , 1999, Archives of disease in childhood.

[38]  Y. Liaw,et al.  Intravenous cholescintigraphy using Tc-99m-labeled agents in the diagnosis of choledochal cyst. , 1982, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[39]  A. O. Whipple.  Surgical criteria for cholecystectomy. , 1926, Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine.

[40]  G. Falk,et al.  The Cholecystokin Provocation HIDA Test: Recreation of Symptoms is Superior to Ejection Fraction in Predicting Medium-Term Outcomes , 2011, Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.

[41]  J. Geoghegan,et al.  Treatment of colorectal liver metastases , 1999, The British journal of surgery.

[42]  A. Siriwardena,et al.  Radiofrequency ablation of liver tumours: systematic review. , 2004, The Lancet Oncology.

[43]  A. J. Canfield,et al.  Biliary dyskinesia: A study of more than 200 patients and review of the literature , 1998, Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.

[44]  F. Bartholomeusz,et al.  Detection and follow up of biliary leak on Tc-99m DIDA SPECT-CT scans. , 2004, Clinical nuclear medicine.

[45]  C. Auboyer,et al.  Contribution of ultrasonography and cholescintigraphy to the diagnosis of acute acalculous cholecystitis in intensive care unit patients , 2000, Intensive Care Medicine.

[46]  R. Wahl,et al.  Morphine-augmented hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the severely ill: caution is in order. , 1990, Radiology.

[47]  C. Kuni,et al.  Diagnosis of biliary atresia with radionuclide hepatobiliary imaging. , 1983, Radiology.

[48]  J. Gaughan,et al.  Sincalide-Stimulated Cholescintigraphy: A Multicenter Investigation to Determine Optimal Infusion Methodology and Gallbladder Ejection Fraction Normal Values , 2010, Journal of Nuclear Medicine.

[49]  A. Nunn,et al.  Radiopharmaceuticals for hepatobiliary imaging. , 1982, Seminars in nuclear medicine.

[50]  J. Toouli,et al.  Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and acute pancreatitis , 1998, Gut.

[51]  J. Toouli,et al.  Acalculous biliary pain: cholecystectomy alleviates symptoms in patients with abnormal cholescintigraphy. , 1991, Gastroenterology.

[52]  J. K. Lee,et al.  Hepatobiliary scintigraphy for detecting biliary strictures after living donor liver transplantation. , 2011, World journal of gastroenterology.

[53]  S. Sherman,et al.  Functional gallbladder and sphincter of oddi disorders. , 2006, Gastroenterology.

[54]  K. Boudjema,et al.  Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation (APOLT) in the treatment of acute liver failure , 2000, Journal of Gastroenterology.

[55]  D. Delbeke,et al.  SNM Practice Guideline for Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy 4.0* , 2010, The Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology.

[56]  P. D. Thomas,et al.  Use of 99mTc-DISIDA biliary scanning with morphine provocation for the detection of elevated sphincter of Oddi basal pressure , 2000, Gut.

[57]  M E Ryan,et al.  Complications of endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy. , 1996, The New England journal of medicine.