Low‐cost, heated, and/or cooled flow‐through cell for transmission x‐ray absorption spectroscopy

A transmission x‐ray absorption spectroscopy cell that can be used for air‐sensitive samples with in situ treatment is described. The cell is designed with a relatively small size for use with air‐sensitive powdered catalyst samples that must be loaded in a glove box. Samples can be treated in situ with gas flow or vacuum and temperature control up to 500 °C. The cell is constructed of stainless steel and designed for durability as well as ease of repair. The cells are vacuum tight and equipped with beryllium windows sealed with vacuum O‐ring flanges for easy loading. Each cell, with all parts excluding the windows, costs about $2700.