Space-Time Block Coding-Based Beamforming for Beam Squint Compensation

In this letter, the beam squint problem, which causes significant variations in radiated beam gain over frequencies in a millimeter wave communication system, is investigated. A constant modulus beamformer design, which is formulated to maximize the expected average beam gain within the bandwidth with limited variation over frequencies within the bandwidth, is proposed. A semidefinite relaxation method is developed to solve the optimization problem under the constant modulus constraints. Depending on the eigenvalues of the optimal solution, either direct beamforming or transmit diversity-based beamforming is employed for data transmissions. Through numerical results, the proposed transmission scheme can compensate for beam squint effectively and improve system throughput. Overall, a transmission scheme for beam squint compensation in wideband wireless communication systems is provided.

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