Phonological Structure and Phonetic Duration: The Role of the Mora *

In this paper, I investigate the role of the mora in providing an adequate account of wordinternal prosodic organization and its phonetic realization. I review several phonological arguments in favor of the mora, including the cross-linguistic pervasiveness of two-way weight contrasts, observed onset/rime asymmetries, the representation of weight bearing geminates vs. “doubled consonants”, and evidence for superheavy syllables in some languages. I then present data showing phonetic manifestations of these patterns. The phonetic and phonological evidence support the conclusion that the mora serves as the connection or link between prosodic and segmental structure. Moreover, the nature of these manifestations of moraic structure in the phonetics supports the view that phonetics is the implementation of phonological structure in that both the more abstract phonological categories (in this case the mora) and the phonetic implementation (in this case duration) work together to achieve the observed physical realization. In this paper, I consider the role of prosodic structure in providing an adequate account of not only phonological phenomena, but also the phonetic realization of these patterns. I am most interested here in the role of prosodic structure internal to the word, focusing on the role of the mora and the nature of the interface between prosodic and segmental structure. I consider the following two questions: 1. Is the mora phonologically motivated? 2. And if so, is it purely abstract or is it also reflected in the phonetics? I review the arguments that lead us to answer yes to the first question and then provide evidence of manifestations of moraic structure in the phonetics. While the phonetic realization of the mora is not necessarily transparent, it is nevertheless systematic. First I briefly consider the nature of the relationship between the phonology and the phonetics, before turning to the role of prosodic structure.

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