An Energy Efficient Congestion control Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks

WSN are distributed networks with small, light weight wireless sensor nodes. These sensor nodes cooperatively monitor the environment to measure the physical parameter such as temperature, pressure etc. It is data centric. When sensor nodes detect an event, it become active in collecting and transmitting the data, which cause congestion and results in packet drops, decrease in throughput and retransmission of data. To ensure the application’s reliability requirements and to reduce the load on the network, WSN need proficient congestion control policies. With this aim, this paper evaluates a contextual cooperative congestion control policy that makes use of the environment information of each node to reduce the channel load, by satisfying the applications requirements. This paper proposes a selective data forwarding scheme to avoid congestion and to optimize the energy drain. The SDFS scheme depends on parameters such as available energy and precedence of the data at the node. This scheme collects data from other sensors of this context.