Continuous Electrophysiological Recording

This paper reviews the applicability of electrophysiological registration to problems of human functioning and breakdown in adaptation. It is suggested that physiological measures will be most useful when they allow evaluation of data in absolute (acceptable/non-acceptable) rather than relative terms. It is suggested that sleep and extreme cardiac activation are states which allow such judgements. The variables pertaining to these states are reviewed and it is concluded that both states may be successively monitored even under rather severe field conditions. A combination of the EEG and EOG may be used to indicate sleep intrusions, recognizeable as eye closure with increased power (spectral analysis) in the alpha and/or theta bands. Cardiac activation may be indicated by conventional heart rate measures and different kinds of cardiac arrhythmias. It is suggested that recordings are extended outside work hours and that sleep latency tests are used as complements.

[1]  D. J. Mullaney,et al.  An activity-based sleep monitor system for ambulatory use. , 1982, Sleep.

[2]  James M. Vanderplas,et al.  Symposium on fatigue , 1954 .

[3]  W. R. Adey,et al.  Computer analysis of EEG data from Gemini flight GT-7. , 1967, Aerospace medicine.

[4]  A. Sanders,et al.  Performance Decrement During Prolonged Night Driving , 1977 .

[5]  Reidun Ursin,et al.  Physiological Indicators of Mental Workload , 1979 .

[6]  P. Taggart,et al.  Some effects of motor-car driving on the normal and abnormal heart , 1969, British medical journal.

[7]  N M Burns,et al.  Electrocardiogram changes in prolonged automobile driving. , 1966, Perceptual and motor skills.

[8]  I. Oswald.  Falling Asleep Open-eyed During Intense Rhythmic Stimulation , 1960, British medical journal.

[9]  G. Pfurtscheller.  Handbook of electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology , 1978 .

[10]  O D Creutzfeldt,et al.  EEG changes during performance of various tasks under open- and closed-eye conditions. , 1969, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[11]  James F. O'Hanlon,et al.  Concurrence of Electroencephalographic and Performance Changes During a Simulated Radar Watch and Some Implications for the Arousal Theory of Vigilance , 1977 .

[12]  Martin G Helander,et al.  PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS OF DRIVERS AS INDICATORS OF ROAD TRAFFIC DEMAND , 1975 .

[13]  J. O'hanlon,et al.  Boredom: practical consequences and a theory. , 1981, Acta psychologica.

[14]  E Grandjean,et al.  Fatigue in industry. , 1979, British journal of industrial medicine.

[15]  R I Thackray,et al.  Personality and physiological correlates of performance decrement on a monotonous task requiring sustained attention. , 1974, British journal of psychology.

[16]  R. Gerard,et al.  BRAIN POTENTIALS DURING SLEEP , 1937 .

[17]  D R Haslam,et al.  Sleep loss, recovery sleep, and military performance. , 1982, Ergonomics.

[18]  W. B. Webb,et al.  The perception of wakefulness within sleep. , 1981, Sleep.

[19]  W T Liberson,et al.  EEG records, reaction times, eye movements, respiration, and mental content during drowsiness. , 1965, Recent advances in biological psychiatry.

[20]  L. Mulder,et al.  Information processing and cardiovascular control. , 1981, Psychophysiology.

[21]  W W Wierwille,et al.  Physiological Measures of Aircrew Mental Workload , 1979, Human factors.

[22]  N. Kleitman,et al.  Regularly occurring periods of eye motility, and concomitant phenomena, during sleep. , 1953, Science.

[23]  Q. Regestein,et al.  Basis for recurring ventricular fibrillation in the absence of coronary heart disease and its management. , 1976, The New England journal of medicine.

[24]  John L. Kennedy,et al.  SOME PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF THE ALERTNESS INDICATOR , 1952 .

[25]  P. Davis,et al.  HUMAN BRAIN POTENTIALS DURING THE ONSET OF SLEEP , 1938 .

[26]  J. A. Simpson,et al.  EEG Informatics—A Didactic Review of Methods and Applications of EEG Data Processing , 1979 .

[27]  P. Obrist,et al.  Autonomic Levels and Lability, and Performance Time on a Perceptual Task and a Sensory-Motor Task , 1964, Perceptual and Motor Skills.

[28]  D. Foulkes,et al.  MENTAL ACTIVITY AT SLEEP ONSET. , 1965, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[29]  E. Luby,et al.  The electroencephalogram during prolonged experimental sleep deprivation. , 1962, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[30]  J F O'Hanlon,et al.  A PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DEVICES FOR PREVENTING LANE DRIFT AND RUN-OFF-ROAD ACCIDENTS , 1974 .

[31]  E. Wolpert.  A Manual of Standardized Terminology, Techniques and Scoring System for Sleep Stages of Human Subjects. , 1969 .

[32]  Elizabeth Duffy,et al.  Activation and behavior , 1962 .

[33]  T. Meijman,et al.  Differential psychophysiological reactivity of city bus drivers. , 1982, Ergonomics.

[34]  Slade F. Hulbert.  Drivers' GSRS in Traffic , 1957 .

[35]  O. Creutzfeldt.  Morphological basis of EEG mechanisms , 1976 .

[36]  C. W. Simon,et al.  Responses to material presented during various levels of sleep. , 1956, Journal of experimental psychology.

[37]  P. Cashman,et al.  Stress and ectopic beats in ships' pilots. , 1982, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[38]  B. Sayers,et al.  Analysis of heart rate variability. , 1973, Ergonomics.

[39]  Wt Singleton,et al.  Measurement of Man at Work , 1971 .

[40]  M. Carskadon,et al.  Current perspectives on daytime sleepiness: the issues. , 1982, Sleep.

[41]  R Goldsmith,et al.  Heart rate of training captains engaged in different activities. , 1970, Aerospace medicine.

[42]  P. Åstrand,et al.  Textbook of Work Physiology , 1970 .

[43]  R. S. Daniel,et al.  Alpha and Theta EEG in Vigilance , 1967, Perceptual and motor skills.

[44]  T. Åkerstedt,et al.  Body temperature and sleep at different times of day. , 1982, Sleep.

[45]  T. Endo,et al.  Monotony effects of the work of motormen dlring high-speed train operation. , 1975, Journal of human ergology.

[46]  L. Mitnick,et al.  Electroencephalogram and sleep deprivation. , 1959, Journal of applied physiology.

[47]  G. Mulder.  Sinusarrhythmia and Mental Work Load , 1979 .

[48]  R. Schneider,et al.  Twenty-four hour automatic monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate at work and at home. , 1975, American heart journal.

[49]  H. Jasper.  Report of the committee on methods of clinical examination in electroencephalography , 1958 .

[50]  Yoshio Saito,et al.  PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE DRIVES WITH OR WITHOUT AN ASSISTANT DRIVER , 1971 .

[51]  Opmeer Ch,et al.  Towards an objective assessment of cockpit workload. I. Physiological variables during different flight phases. , 1973 .

[52]  J. Peter,et al.  Neurophysiological Vigilance Indicators and Operational Analysis of a Train Vigilance Monitoring Device: A Laboratory and Field Study , 1977 .

[53]  M. Carskadon,et al.  The multiple sleep latency test: what does it measure? , 1982, Sleep.

[54]  D. R. Davies,et al.  SKIN-CONDUCTANCE, ALPHA-ACTIVITY, AND VIGILANCE. , 1965, The American journal of psychology.

[55]  T Hori,et al.  Electrodermal and electro-oculographic activity in a hypnagogic state. , 1982, Psychophysiology.

[56]  H. Luczak,et al.  An analysis of heart rate variability. , 1973, Ergonomics.

[57]  A. J. Honour,et al.  Direct Arterial Pressure and Electrocardiogram during Motor Car Driving , 1973, British medical journal.

[58]  D E Broadbent,et al.  Is a fatigue test now possible? , 1979, Ergonomics.

[59]  J. Cacioppo,et al.  Perspectives in cardiovascular psychophysiology , 1982 .

[60]  D. H. Taylor,et al.  DRIVERS' GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE AND THE RISK OF ACCIDENT , 1964 .

[61]  H. L. Williams,et al.  Impaired performance with acute sleep loss. , 1959 .

[62]  L E Hinkle,et al.  The prognostic significance of ventricular premature contractions in healthy people and in people with coronary heart disease. , 1974, Acta cardiologica.

[63]  T. Åkerstedt,et al.  Displacement of the sleep period and sleep deprivation. Implications for shift work. , 1982, Human neurobiology.

[64]  J H Ettema,et al.  Physiological parameters of mental load. , 1971, Ergonomics.

[65]  Christian Guilleminault,et al.  Altered states of consciousness in disorders of daytime sleepiness , 1975, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.

[66]  W. B. Webb,et al.  Measurement of Sleep Onset by EEG Criteria , 1972 .

[67]  A. Loomis,et al.  Cerebral states during sleep, as studied by human brain potentials , 1937 .

[68]  G. Salvendy,et al.  Occupational Stress: Review and Reappraisal , 1982, Human factors.

[69]  M H Bonnet,et al.  The threshold of sleep: perception of sleep as a function of time asleep and auditory threshold. , 1982, Sleep.

[70]  N. Moray.  Mental workload : its theory and measurement , 1979 .

[71]  M. Carskadon,et al.  Nocturnal determinants of daytime sleepiness. , 1982, Sleep.

[72]  Reactions of the Normal and Abnormal Heart to Motorcar Driving. , 1968 .

[73]  James David Brown.  Psychophysiological Measures of Drivers Under Actual Driving Conditions , 1969 .

[74]  A. Loomis,et al.  POTENTIAL RHYTHMS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX DURING SLEEP. , 1935, Science.

[75]  W C Dement,et al.  A syndrome of hypersomnia with automatic behavior. , 1975, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[76]  A. Mirsky,et al.  A comparison of the behavioral and physiological changes accompanying sleep deprivation and chlorpromazine administration in man. , 1962, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[77]  Alfred L. Loomis,et al.  Electrical potentials of the human brain , 1936 .

[78]  O. H. Schmitt,et al.  Cardiovascular stress (electrocaridographic changes) produced by driving an automobile. , 1968, American heart journal.

[79]  J. L. Bassano,et al.  Validation of a Behavior Analysis Methodology: Variation of Vigilance in Night Driving as a Function of the Rate of Carboxyhemoglobin , 1977 .

[80]  W. Harris.  Fatigue, Circadian Rhythm, and Truck Accidents , 1977 .

[81]  P. Baxter,et al.  Ambulatory electrocardiography in car workers. , 1978, British journal of industrial medicine.

[82]  C A Czeisler,et al.  Human sleep: its duration and organization depend on its circadian phase. , 1980, Science.

[83]  James F. O'Hanlon,et al.  Heart Rate Variability: A New Index of Driver Alertness/Fatigue , 1972 .

[84]  Walter W. Wierwille,et al.  Comparison of Five Mental Workload Assessment Procedures in a Moving-Base Driving Simulator , 1979 .

[85]  K. Fagerström,et al.  Effects of Listening to Car Radio, Experience, and Personality of the Driver on Subsidiary Reaction Time and Heart Rate in a Long-term Driving Task , 1977 .

[86]  J. C. Smith,et al.  Electroencephalographic activity after prolonged sleep loss. , 1969, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[87]  J. R. Smith,et al.  Sleep spindle characteristics as a function of age. , 1982, Sleep.

[88]  F. Goodwin,et al.  48-hour sleep-wake cycles in manic-depressive illness: naturalistic observations and sleep deprivation experiments. , 1982, Archives of general psychiatry.

[89]  N Egelund,et al.  Spectral analysis of heart rate variability as an indicator of driver fatigue. , 1982, Ergonomics.

[90]  A. Gale,et al.  Some EEG Correlates of Sustained Attention , 1977 .

[91]  J. O'hanlon,et al.  Comparison of Performance and Physiological Changes Between Drivers who Perform Well and Poorly During Prolonged Vehicular Operation , 1977 .