The "balanced force" concept for instrumentation of curved canals.

Canal curvature has always introduced complexity into canal preparation. The "balanced force concept," developed by trial and error experimentation over the past 12 yr, is proposed as a means of overcoming the curvature influence. Its concepts use force magnitudes in order to create control over undesirable cutting associated with canal curvature. Rotation is promoted as the means for maintaining magnitude as a control and counterclockwise direction of rotation provides finite operator control. Diagrammatic evaluations, mathematical calculations, bending moments, test canals, sectioned teeth, and clinical radiographs are presented to document each step of the concept. The concept comes to fruition with the introduction of a new K-type file design.

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