Développements récents sur les groupes de tresses. Applications à la topologie et à l'algèbre

Braid groups were invented by Emil Artin in 1925. The most convenient definition of the braid group B n (n is the number of strings) is as the fundamental group of the configuration space Φ n parametrizing the subsets with n points in a given pane. From a physical point of view, the space Φ n is the configuration space of n indistinguishable particles moving in two dimensions. This explains the recent interest for the braid groups in many two-dimensional physical models, in the form of parastatistics and anyons.

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