Demonstrating a New Census of Infrared Galaxies with ALMA (DANCING-ALMA). I. FIR Size and Luminosity Relation at z = 0–6 Revealed with 1034 ALMA Sources

We present the large statistics of the galaxy effective radius Re in the rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) wavelength obtained from 1627 Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 1 mm band maps that become public by 2017 July. Our ALMA sample consists of 1034 sources with the star formation rate and the stellar mass at z = 0–6. We homogeneously derive and FIR luminosity LFIR of our ALMA sources via the uv-visibility method with the exponential disk model, carefully evaluating selection and measurement incompletenesses by realistic Monte-Carlo simulations. We find that there is a positive correlation between and LFIR at the >99% significance level. The best-fit power-law function, , provides , and shows that at a fixed LFIR decreases toward high redshifts. The best-fit α and the redshift evolution of are similar to those of Re in the rest-frame UV (optical) wavelength ( ) revealed by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) studies. We identify that our ALMA sources have significant trends of and , which suggests that the dusty starbursts take place in compact regions. Moreover, of our ALMA sources is comparable to of quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 1–3 as a function of stellar mass, supporting the evolutionary connection between these two galaxy populations. We also investigate rest-frame UV and optical morphologies of our ALMA sources with deep HST images, and find that ∼30%–40% of our ALMA sources are classified as major mergers. This indicates that dusty starbursts are triggered by not only the major mergers but also the other mechanism(s).

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