A biosensor based on fungal soil biomass for electrochemical detection of lead (II) and cadmium (II) by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry

Abstract A sensitive voltammetric method for detection of trace heavy metal ions using a glassy carbon electrode surfaces chemically modified by a mixture of (SWCNTs/Biomass) was applied. The fungus is used as an inactive biomass, which was selected from soil contaminated with metals. The cell walls have a large number of chemical groups such as carboxyl, sulfonate, amine, hydroxyl, carbonyl and imidazole with which may affect and intervene in the fixing of metal ions. In this assay, heavy metals ions accumulated on the GCE/SWCNTs/Biomass electrode surfaces prior to being subjected to differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry analysis (DPASV). The resulting peak currents were linearly related to the concentrations of the metal ions. The method was optimized with respect to accumulation time, reduction time and reduction potential. The detection limits were found to be 10−8 M and 10−7 M for Pb2+ and Cd2+ respectively.

[1]  Xiao-fei Zhu,et al.  A new electrochemical sensor based on carboimidazole grafted reduced graphene oxide for simultaneous detection of Hg2 + and Pb2 + , 2016 .

[2]  T. Muraleedharan,et al.  Further insight into the mechanism of biosorption of heavy metals by Ganoderma lucidum , 1994 .

[3]  E. Achterberg,et al.  Stripping voltammetry for the determination of trace metal speciation and in-situ measurements of trace metal distributions in marine waters , 1999 .

[4]  P. Ajayan.  Nanotubes from Carbon. , 1999, Chemical reviews.

[5]  M. Jung.  Heavy metal contamination of soils and waters in and around the Imcheon Au-Ag mine, Korea , 2001 .

[6]  A. Solak,et al.  A novel sensitive Cu(II) and Cd(II) nanosensor platform: Graphene oxide terminated p-aminophenyl modified glassy carbon surface , 2013 .

[7]  Gang Wang,et al.  Application of impedance spectroscopy for monitoring colloid Au-enhanced antibody immobilization and antibody-antigen reactions. , 2004, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[8]  S. Iijima.  Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon , 1991, Nature.

[9]  G. Gadd,et al.  Microbial solubilization and immobilization of toxic metals: key biogeochemical processes for treatment of contamination. , 1997, FEMS microbiology reviews.

[10]  P. Tchounwou,et al.  Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. , 2012, Experientia supplementum.

[11]  J. Meis,et al.  Molecular typing of Aspergillus species , 2008, Mycoses.

[12]  I. Kanu,et al.  INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY OF RECEIVING RIVERS IN NIGERIA , 2011 .

[13]  S. Free,et al.  The structure and synthesis of the fungal cell wall , 2006, BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology.

[14]  Xianluo Hu,et al.  Stripping voltammetric detection of mercury(II) based on a bimetallic Au-Pt inorganic-organic hybrid nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode. , 2010, Analytical chemistry.

[15]  Xingjiu Huang,et al.  Functionalized porous Si nanowires for selective and simultaneous electrochemical detection of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions , 2016 .

[16]  V. Beni,et al.  Stripping voltammetry at micro-interface arrays: a review. , 2013, Analytica chimica acta.

[17]  H. Bothe,et al.  Arbuscular mycorrhiza and heavy metal tolerance. , 2007, Phytochemistry.

[18]  G. March,et al.  Modified Electrodes Used for Electrochemical Detection of Metal Ions in Environmental Analysis , 2015, Biosensors.

[19]  Huangxian Ju,et al.  Electrochemical sensing of heavy metal ions with inorganic, organic and bio-materials. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[20]  Arben Merkoçi,et al.  Enhanced electrochemical detection of heavy metals at heated graphite nanoparticle-based screen-printed electrodes , 2011 .

[21]  B. Volesky.  Biosorption and me. , 2007, Water research.

[22]  X. Zheng,et al.  Graphene quantum dots as universal fluorophores and their use in revealing regulated trafficking of insulin receptors in adipocytes. , 2013, ACS nano.

[23]  H. Flemming,et al.  Relevance of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs)--Part II: Technical aspects. , 2001, Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research.

[24]  C. Brierley.  Bioremediation of metal‐contaminated surface and groundwaters , 1990 .

[25]  Peter J. F. Harris,et al.  Carbon Nanotubes and Related Structures: New Materials for the Twenty-first Century , 1999 .

[26]  Xiaoling Liang,et al.  ABTS-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposite/Bi Film Electrode for Sensitive Determination of Cd and Pb by Differential Pulse Stripping Voltammetry , 2009 .

[27]  M. Steigerwald,et al.  Molecular electronic devices based on single-walled carbon nanotube electrodes. , 2008, Accounts of chemical research.

[28]  Aspergillus fumigatus cell wall: composition and biosynthesis. , 2001, Medical mycology.

[29]  Christine O. Paul-Roth,et al.  Flow electroanalytical system based on cyclam-modified graphite felt electrodes for lead detection , 2010 .

[30]  Lu,et al.  Bismuth-coated carbon electrodes for anodic stripping voltammetry , 2000, Analytical chemistry.

[31]  K. Hellingwerf,et al.  Dynamics of cell wall structure in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. , 2002, FEMS microbiology reviews.

[32]  Y. Lian,et al.  DNA Wrapped Metallic Single-walled Carbon Nanotube Sensor for Pb (II) Detection , 2014 .

[33]  He Xu,et al.  A Nafion-coated bismuth film electrode for the determination of heavy metals in vegetable using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry: An alternative to mercury-based electrodes. , 2008, Food chemistry.

[34]  M. Fekhaoui,et al.  Contamination des sols par les métaux lourds à partir de mines abandonnées : le cas des mines Aouli-Mibladen-Zeïda au Maroc , 2014 .

[35]  A. Rousset,et al.  Specific surface area of carbon nanotubes and bundles of carbon nanotubes , 2001 .

[36]  J. Barba-Ortega,et al.  Electrodes friendly with the environment for detect heavy metal , 2014 .

[37]  E. D. Martinis,et al.  Antilisterial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from vacuum-packaged brazilian meat and meat products , 2001 .

[38]  Can Chen,et al.  Biosorption of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a review. , 2006, Biotechnology advances.

[39]  G. Gadd,et al.  Solubilization and transformation of insoluble inorganic metal compounds to insoluble metal oxalates by Aspergillus niger , 1997 .

[40]  Ning Gan,et al.  Oxidative DNA strand scission induced by a trinuclear copper(II) complex. , 2004, Inorganic chemistry.

[41]  V. Girard,et al.  pH controls both transcription and post-translational processing of the protease BcACP1 in the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. , 2009, Microbiology.

[42]  G. Gadd.  Interactions of fungip with toxic metals , 1993 .

[43]  Chunye Lin,et al.  Contamination and health risks of soil heavy metals around a lead/zinc smelter in southwestern China. , 2015, Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.

[44]  A. Gopalan,et al.  Development of a novel cyano group containing electrochemically deposited polymer film for ultrasensitive simultaneous detection of trace level cadmium and lead. , 2012, Journal of hazardous materials.

[45]  Chang Ming Li,et al.  One-step and high yield simultaneous preparation of single- and multi-layer graphene quantum dots from CX-72 carbon black , 2012 .

[46]  A. Matsuda,et al.  Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Determination of Lead ions using Highly Sensitive Modified Electrodes Based on Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube , 2014 .

[47]  D. Duygu,et al.  Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy for Biological Studies(REVIEW) , 2010 .

[48]  J. Latgé.  The cell wall: a carbohydrate armour for the fungal cell , 2007, Molecular microbiology.

[49]  S. Scherer,et al.  Identification of microorganisms by FTIR spectroscopy: perspectives and limitations of the method , 2013, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[50]  Hui Huang,et al.  Highly ordered three-dimensional macroporous carbon spheres for determination of heavy metal ions , 2012 .

[51]  Rashid O. Kadara,et al.  Development of disposable bulk-modified screen-printed electrode based on bismuth oxide for stripping chronopotentiometric analysis of lead (II) and cadmium (II) in soil and water samples. , 2008, Analytica chimica acta.

[52]  S. L. Ting,et al.  Graphene quantum dots functionalized gold nanoparticles for sensitive electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions , 2015 .

[53]  Arben Merkoçi,et al.  Nanomaterials application in electrochemical detection of heavy metals , 2012 .

[54]  R. Apak,et al.  Development of an optical fibre reflectance sensor for lead detection based on immobilised arsenazo III , 2010 .

[55]  J. Datta,et al.  Indian MST radar - Mesospheric studies , 2001 .

[56]  Yinling Wang,et al.  Bifunctional polydopamine@Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles for electrochemical determination of lead(II) and cadmium(II). , 2013, Analytica chimica acta.

[57]  Joseph Wang,et al.  Insights into the anodic stripping voltammetric behavior of bismuth film electrodes , 2001 .

[58]  Gang Liu,et al.  Direct Quantification of Cd2+ in the Presence of Cu2+ by a Combination of Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Using a Bi-Film-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode and an Artificial Neural Network , 2017, Sensors.

[59]  Xingjiu Huang,et al.  Voltammetric determination of mercury(II) , 2013 .

[60]  Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault,et al.  Determination of trace heavy metal ions by anodic stripping voltammetry using nanofibrillated cellulose modified electrode , 2017 .

[61]  M. Jung,et al.  Heavy metal contamination in the vicinity of the Daduk Au-Ag-Pb-Zn mine in Korea , 2001 .

[62]  Xingjiu Huang,et al.  Voltammetric determination of inorganic arsenic , 2014 .

[63]  M. Dresselhaus,et al.  Physical properties of carbon nanotubes , 1998 .

[64]  A. Ramanavičius,et al.  Electrochemical modification of glassy carbon electrode by poly-4-nitroaniline and its application for determination of copper(II) , 2010 .

[65]  D. Schlosser,et al.  Untapped potential: exploiting fungi in bioremediation of hazardous chemicals , 2011, Nature Reviews Microbiology.

[66]  Can Chen,et al.  Biosorbents for heavy metals removal and their future. , 2009, Biotechnology advances.

[67]  Hai Binh Nguyen,et al.  Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of Cd2+ and Pb2+ using interpenetrated MWCNT/P1,5-DAN as an enhanced sensing interface , 2015, Ionics.

[68]  B. Volesky.  Detoxification of metal-bearing effluents: biosorption for the next century , 2001 .