Towards Road Traffic Management with Forecasting on Wall Displays

Road traffic control centers are of vital importance to modern cities. Interviews with controllers in two such centers identified the need to incorporate the visualization of results from predictive traffic models with real traffic, to help operators choose among different interventions on the network. We explore this idea in a prototype that runs on a wall display, and supports direct touch and input from workstations and mobile devices. Apart from basic functionality to manage the current traffic such as changing traffic light duration or speed limits, the prototype incorporates traffic simulations for forecasting results of possible actions, highlighting their differences to current traffic. Based on needs identified in our interviews, we offer two techniques that visually combine simulated and real situations, taking advantage of the large display space: multiple independent views and DragMagic, a variation of magic lenses. A preliminary laboratory experiment suggests that both techniques are viable design options, even for monitoring several simulations and areas of interest, contrary to expectations from previous work. However DragMagics are easier to master.

[1]  Benedikt Schmidt,et al.  Support for collaborative situation analysis and planning in crisis management teams using interactive tabletops , 2013, ITS.

[2]  Edward R. Tufte,et al.  The Visual Display of Quantitative Information , 1986 .

[3]  Colin Ware,et al.  The DragMag image magnifier , 1995, CHI 95 Conference Companion.

[4]  Gennady L. Andrienko,et al.  Composite Density Maps for Multivariate Trajectories , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[5]  Eleni I. Vlahogianni,et al.  Short‐term traffic forecasting: Overview of objectives and methods , 2004 .

[6]  Gennady L. Andrienko,et al.  Exploiting Spatial Abstraction in Predictive Analytics of Vehicle Traffic , 2015, ISPRS Int. J. Geo Inf..

[7]  D. Helbing Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems , 2000, cond-mat/0012229.

[8]  Helwig Hauser,et al.  Visual Analysis of Multivariate Movement Data using Interactive Difference Views , 2010, VMV.

[9]  Emmanuel Pietriga,et al.  An Evaluation of Interactive Map Comparison Techniques , 2015, CHI.

[10]  Harald Reiterer,et al.  SpaceFold and PhysicLenses: simultaneous multifocus navigation on touch surfaces , 2014, AVI.

[11]  Christophe Hurter,et al.  Strip'TIC: exploring augmented paper strips for air traffic controllers , 2012, AVI.

[12]  Emmanuel Pietriga,et al.  Rapid development of user interfaces on cluster-driven wall displays with jBricks , 2011, EICS '11.

[13]  Anastasia Bezerianos,et al.  Smarties: an input system for wall display development , 2014, CHI.

[14]  Colin Ware,et al.  Zooming versus multiple window interfaces: Cognitive costs of visual comparisons , 2006, TCHI.

[15]  Aaron J. Quigley,et al.  Factors influencing visual attention switch in multi-display user interfaces: a survey , 2012, PerDis.

[16]  Christophe Hurter,et al.  From movement tracks through events to places: Extracting and characterizing significant places from mobility data , 2011, 2011 IEEE Conference on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST).

[17]  Jie Liu,et al.  uEmergency: a collaborative system for emergency management on very large tabletop , 2012, ITS '12.

[18]  Ann Blandford,et al.  Questioning, exploring, narrating and playing in the control room to maintain system safety , 2009, Cognition, Technology & Work.

[19]  Teddy Seyed,et al.  ePlan Multi-Surface: A Multi-Surface Environment for Emergency Response Planning Exercises , 2014, ITS '14.

[20]  Anastasia Bezerianos,et al.  Perception of Visual Variables on Tiled Wall-Sized Displays for Information Visualization Applications , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[21]  Niklas Elmqvist,et al.  Polyzoom: multiscale and multifocus exploration in 2d visual spaces , 2012, CHI.

[22]  Christophe Hurter,et al.  Visualization, Selection, and Analysis of Traffic Flows , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[23]  Roland Chrobok,et al.  OLSIM : A New Generation of Traffic Information Systems , 2004 .

[24]  Gennady L. Andrienko,et al.  Leveraging spatial abstraction in traffic analysis and forecasting with visual analytics , 2016, Inf. Syst..

[25]  Jean-Daniel Fekete,et al.  Melange: space folding for multi-focus interaction , 2008, CHI.

[26]  Mikkel Rønne Jakobsen,et al.  Up close and personal: Collaborative work on a high-resolution multitouch wall display , 2014, TCHI.

[27]  Tony DeRose,et al.  Toolglass and magic lenses: the see-through interface , 1993, SIGGRAPH.

[28]  Chris Baber,et al.  Visual Sampling in A Road Traffic Management Control Room Task , 2015 .

[29]  Tobias Schwarz,et al.  Content-aware navigation for large displays in context of traffic control rooms , 2012, AVI.

[30]  Chris North,et al.  Move to improve: promoting physical navigation to increase user performance with large displays , 2007, CHI.

[31]  Wendy E. Mackay,et al.  Effects of display size and navigation type on a classification task , 2014, CHI.

[32]  Heidrun Schumann,et al.  Stacking-Based Visualization of Trajectory Attribute Data , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[33]  Emmanuel Pietriga,et al.  Interaction design challenges and solutions for ALMA operations monitoring and control , 2012, Other Conferences.

[34]  Christophe Hurter,et al.  FromDaDy: Spreading Aircraft Trajectories Across Views to Support Iterative Queries , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[35]  Edward Rolf Tufte,et al.  The visual display of quantitative information , 1985 .

[36]  Niklas Elmqvist,et al.  Exploring the design space of composite visualization , 2012, 2012 IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium.

[37]  Stacey D. Scott,et al.  Canyon: providing location awareness of multiple moving objects in a detail view on large displays , 2013, CHI.

[38]  Vivek Verma,et al.  Comparative flow visualization , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[39]  Maria Riveiro,et al.  Evaluation of Normal Model Visualization for Anomaly Detection in Maritime Traffic , 2014, TIIS.

[40]  Tobias Schwarz,et al.  Back to tangibility: a post-WIMP perspective on control room design , 2014, AVI.

[41]  Carl Gutwin,et al.  A Descriptive Framework of Workspace Awareness for Real-Time Groupware , 2002, Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW).

[42]  Xiaoru Yuan,et al.  Visual Exploration of Sparse Traffic Trajectory Data , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[43]  Olivier Chapuis,et al.  Surveillance du trafic routier avec un mur d'écrans , 2015 .

[44]  Michael Schreckenberg,et al.  A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic , 1992 .

[45]  Allison Woodruff,et al.  Guidelines for using multiple views in information visualization , 2000, AVI '00.

[46]  Gennady L. Andrienko,et al.  Visual analytics of movement: An overview of methods, tools and procedures , 2013, Inf. Vis..