Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age, 1798-1939

Preface to the 1983 reissue Notes on transliteration and references 1. The Islamic state 2. The Ottoman empire 3. First views of Europe 4. The first generation: Tahtawi, Khayr Al-Din and Bustani 5. Jamal Al-Din Al-afghani 6. Muhammad 'Abduh 7. 'Abduh's Egyptian disciples: Islam and modern civilization 8. Egyptian nationalism 9. Rashid Rida 10. Christian secularists: Shumayyil and Antun 11. Arab nationalism 12. Taha Husayn 13. Epilogue: past and future Select bibliography Index.