Fifteen patients with unfavorable, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma refractory to front-line chemotherapy were treated with etoposide, carmustine, bleomycin, and methotrexate with leucovorin rescue. Four patients achieved complete response and two achieved partial response. The durations of the complete responses were 4, 12, 24, and 32 months, respectively. Three of the four complete responses occurred in five patients who failed to respond to initial combination chemotherapy. The major toxic effects were severe myelosuppression in eight of 52 courses and pulmonary fibrosis in two patients. This regimen is useful in inducing durable remissions in patients with refractory, unfavorable, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.