Predicate doubling and VP-topicalisation in German

It is well-known that German allows for the topicalisation of bare verbs, as is illustrated in (1a). In GB-theory and in the principles and parameters framework, data like (1a) prima facie were problematic, since it was assumed that only XPs can move into XP-positions. Thus, in Den Besten and Webelhuth’s (1987) original account of V-preposing in German and Dutch, they argue that what has been moved into [Spec,CP] in (1a) is not simply a verb, but must constitute an entire VP. Consequently, they propose to analyze (1a) parallel to cases of VP-preposing (cf. (1b)) in which the direct object has been scrambled out prior to VP-to-CP movement, as is illustrated in (1c).