Multi-User Massive MIMO Communication Systems Based on Irregular Antenna Arrays

In practical mobile communication engineering applications, surfaces of antenna array deployment regions are usually uneven. Therefore, massive multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) communication systems usually transmit wireless signals by irregular antenna arrays. To evaluate the performance of irregular antenna arrays, the matrix correlation coefficient and the ergodic received gain are defined for massive MIMO communication systems with mutual coupling effects. Furthermore, the lower bound of the ergodic achievable rate, symbol error rate, and average outage probability is first derived for multi-user massive MIMO communication systems using irregular antenna arrays. Asymptotic results are also derived when the number of antennae approaches infinity. Numerical results indicate that there exists a maximum achievable rate when the number of antennae keeps increasing in massive MIMO communication systems using irregular antenna arrays. Moreover, the irregular antenna array outperforms the regular antenna array in the achievable rate of massive MIMO communication systems when the number of antennae is larger than or equal to a given threshold.

[1]  James V. Krogmeier,et al.  Closed-Loop Beam Alignment for Massive MIMO Channel Estimation , 2013, IEEE Communications Letters.

[2]  Jing-Li Guo,et al.  Pattern Synthesis of Conformal Array Antenna in the Presence of Platform Using Differential Evolution Algorithm , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[3]  P. Minvielle,et al.  Sparse Antenna Array Optimization With the Cross-Entropy Method , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[4]  Zhengang Pan,et al.  Toward green and soft: a 5G perspective , 2014, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[5]  Erik G. Larsson,et al.  Energy and Spectral Efficiency of Very Large Multiuser MIMO Systems , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[6]  Per-Simon Kildal,et al.  Correlation and capacity of MIMO systems and mutual coupling, radiation efficiency, and diversity gain of their antennas: simulations and measurements in a reverberation chamber , 2004, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[7]  Victor C. M. Leung,et al.  EMC: Emotion-aware mobile cloud computing in 5G , 2015, IEEE Network.

[8]  Kerstin Vogler,et al.  Table Of Integrals Series And Products , 2016 .

[9]  S. Deger,et al.  Effect of Mutual Coupling on the Performance of Adaptive Arrays , 2006, 2006 IEEE 14th Signal Processing and Communications Applications.

[10]  Michael A. Jensen,et al.  Mutual coupling in MIMO wireless systems: a rigorous network theory analysis , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[11]  Caijun Zhong,et al.  Ergodic Capacity Analysis of Amplify-and-Forward MIMO Dual-Hop Systems , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[12]  W.A. van Cappellen,et al.  Sparse antenna array configurations in large aperture synthesis radio telescopes , 2006, 2006 European Radar Conference.

[13]  J. Perruisseau-Carrier,et al.  Mutual coupling effects in multi-user massive MIMO base stations , 2012, Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation.

[14]  Petra Ostermann,et al.  Conformal Array Antenna Theory And Design , 2016 .

[15]  Erik G. Larsson,et al.  The Multicell Multiuser MIMO Uplink with Very Large Antenna Arrays and a Finite-Dimensional Channel , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[16]  Osama N. Alrabadi,et al.  Beamforming via Large and Dense Antenna Arrays Above a Clutter , 2013, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[17]  J. Andersen,et al.  Decoupling and descattering networks for antennas , 1976 .

[18]  Robert W. Heath,et al.  Five disruptive technology directions for 5G , 2013, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[19]  Claude Oestges,et al.  Impact of Antenna Coupling on 2 $\times$ 2 MIMO Communications , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[20]  R. Janaswamy.  Effect of element mutual coupling on the capacity of fixed length linear arrays , 2002, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[21]  Cheng-Xiang Wang,et al.  5G Ultra-Dense Cellular Networks , 2015, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[22]  Min Chen,et al.  On the computation offloading at ad hoc cloudlet: architecture and service modes , 2015, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[23]  Thomas Svantesson,et al.  Mutual coupling effects on the capacity of multielement antenna systems , 2001, 2001 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37221).

[24]  Cheng-Xiang Wang,et al.  Spatial Spectrum and Energy Efficiency of Random Cellular Networks , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[25]  Martin Haenggi,et al.  Distance Distributions in Finite Uniformly Random Networks: Theory and Applications , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[26]  J.E. Mazo,et al.  Digital communications , 1985, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[27]  S. Verdú,et al.  Capacity of MIMO channels with one-sided correlation , 2004, Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738).

[28]  Wei Liu,et al.  Location Optimization of Robust Sparse Antenna Arrays With Physical Size Constraint , 2012, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[29]  Chen-Nee Chuah,et al.  Capacity scaling in MIMO Wireless systems under correlated fading , 2002, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[30]  Xiaohu Ge,et al.  Energy efficiency of small cell backhaul networks based on Gauss-Markov mobile models , 2015, IET Networks.

[31]  Vincent K. N. Lau,et al.  Two-Tier Precoding for FDD Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Time-Varying Interference Networks , 2014, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[32]  J. Møller,et al.  Handbook of Spatial Statistics , 2008 .

[33]  Candice King,et al.  Fundamentals of wireless communications , 2013, 2013 IEEE Rural Electric Power Conference (REPC).

[34]  Erik G. Larsson,et al.  On the Optimality of Single-Carrier Transmission in Large-Scale Antenna Systems , 2012, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters.

[35]  R. Bansal,et al.  Antenna theory; analysis and design , 1984, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[36]  Mohsen Guizani,et al.  5G wireless backhaul networks: challenges and research advances , 2014, IEEE Network.

[37]  Charles A. Doswell,et al.  On Measuring the Degree of Irregularity in an Observing Network , 1997 .

[38]  Mérouane Debbah,et al.  Massive MIMO in the UL/DL of Cellular Networks: How Many Antennas Do We Need? , 2013, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[39]  Tharmalingam Ratnarajah,et al.  Large-Scale MIMO Transmitters in Fixed Physical Spaces: The Effect of Transmit Correlation and Mutual Coupling , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[40]  Matthew R. McKay,et al.  MIMO systems with mutual coupling: How many antennas to pack into fixed-length arrays? , 2010, 2010 International Symposium On Information Theory & Its Applications.

[41]  Josef A. Nossek,et al.  ZF Detectors over Correlated K Fading MIMO Channels , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[42]  I. Gupta,et al.  Effect of mutual coupling on the performance of adaptive arrays , 1983 .

[43]  Qi-Zhong Liu,et al.  PATTERN SYNTHESIS OF CONFORMAL ANTENNA ARRAY BY THE HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM , 2008 .

[44]  M. Kießling,et al.  Analytical performance of MIMO zero-forcing receivers in correlated Rayleigh fading environments , 2003, 2003 4th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications - SPAWC 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03EX689).

[45]  Rick S. Blum,et al.  Receive antenna selection for closely-spaced antennas with mutual coupling , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[46]  Kesong Chen,et al.  Synthesis of Sparse Planar Arrays Using Modified Real Genetic Algorithm , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[47]  Thomas L. Marzetta,et al.  Noncooperative Cellular Wireless with Unlimited Numbers of Base Station Antennas , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[48]  Saif K. Mohammed,et al.  Impact of Transceiver Power Consumption on the Energy Efficiency of Zero-Forcing Detector in Massive MIMO Systems , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Communications.