Longitudinal Cluster Analysis of Hemodialysis Patients with COVID-19 in the Pre-Vaccination Era

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by a high heterogeneity of clinical presentation and outcomes. This is also true for patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD), who, due to specific clinical factors and immune status, represent a distinct subgroup of COVID-19 patients. Starting from this observation in this research letter we tested and validated in two cohorts of HD patients with COVID-19 (derivation and validation cohort, respectively) an innovative model which combines linear mixed effect modeling and cluster analysis on longitudinal. This study aimed to describe a methodology allowing patient stratification from simple and widely available data. Our results could be interesting not only to improve COVID-19 management but also to support the application of longitudinal cluster analysis strategy in other clinical settings.

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