Malignant monophasic multiple sclerosis or “Marburg's disease"

We report a patient with an acute monophasic demyelinating disease leading to death 29 days after onset. Newimaging showed progressive white matter attenuation, and newpathology was characteristic of multiple sclerosis. Death in acute MS of the Marburg type may result from severe dieseminated demyelination or involvement of critical brainstem structures.