Multi-epoch Direct Imaging and Time-variable Scattered Light Morphology of the HD 163296 Protoplanetary Disk

We present H-band polarized scattered light imagery and JHK high-contrast spectroscopy of the protoplanetary disk around HD 163296 observed with the HiCIAO and SCExAO/CHARIS instruments at Subaru Observatory. The polarimetric imagery resolve a broken ring structure surrounding HD 163296 that peaks at a distance along the major axis of 0.65 (66 AU) and extends out to 0.98 (100 AU) along the major axis. Our 2011 H-band data exhibit clear axisymmetry, with the NW- and SE- side of the disk exhibiting similar intensities. Our data are clearly different than 2016 epoch H-band observations from VLT/SPHERE that found a strong 2.7x asymmetry between the NW- and SE-side of the disk. Collectively, these results indicate the presence of time variable, non-azimuthally symmetric illumination of the outer disk. Based on our 3D-MCRT modeling of contemporaneous IR spectroscopic and H-band polarized intensity imagery of the system, we suggest that while the system could plausibly host an inclined inner disk component, such a component is unlikely to be responsible for producing the observed time-dependent azimuthal variations in the outer scattered light disk of the system. While our SCExAO/CHARIS data are sensitive enough to recover the planet candidate identified from NIRC2 in the thermal IR, we fail to detect an object with a corresponding JHK brightness estimated from the atmospheric models of Baraffe et al. 2003. This suggests that the candidate is either fainter in JHK bands than model predictions, possibly due to extinction from the disk or atmospheric dust/clouds, or that it is an artifact of the dataset/data processing. Our SCExAO/CHARIS data lower the IR mass limits for planets inferred at larger stellocentric separations; however, these ALMA-predicted protoplanet candidates are currently still consistent with direct imaging constraints.

Frantz Martinache | Julien Lozi | Olivier Guyon | Yutaka Hayano | Taro Matsuo | Saeko S. Hayashi | Timothy D. Brandt | Edwin L. Turner | Masayuki Kuzuhara | Klaus W. Hodapp | Miki Ishii | Masanori Iye | Markus Janson | Ryo Kandori | Jun-Ichi Morino | Tetsuo Nishimura | Eugene Serabyn | Nemanja Jovanovic | Takao Nakagawa | Hiroshi Suto | Tae-Soo Pyo | Hideki Takami | Jeremy Kasdin | Hiroshi Terada | Nobuhiko Kusakabe | Motohide Tamura | Ryuji Suzuki | Wolfgang Brandner | Masahiko Hayashi | Tomonori Usuda | Thayne Currie | Toru Yamada | John P. Wisniewski | Makoto Watanabe | Jun Hashimoto | Lyu Abe | Michael W. McElwain | Tyler Groff | Naruhisa Takato | Markus Feldt | Ruobing Dong | Joseph C. Carson | Michihiro Takami | Jungmi Kwon | Jeffrey Chilcote | Michael L. Sitko | Christian Thalmann | Misato Fukagawa | Miwa Goto | Taichi Uyama | Carol A. Grady | Shoken Miyama | Amaya Moro-Martin | Tomoyuki Kudo | Gillian R. Knapp | J. Wisniewski | L. Abe | T. Nakagawa | M. Tamura | K. Hodapp | R. Russel | A. Moro-martin | E. Serabyn | O. Guyon | T. Matsuo | F. Martinache | T. Groff | M. McElwain | T. Henning | W. Brandner | J. Kasdin | M. Feldt | C. Thalmann | M. Janson | E. Turner | G. Knapp | Toru Yamada | M. Hayashi | S. Miyama | H. Suto | M. Kuzuhara | T. Kudo | N. Kusakabe | N. Jovanovic | J. Chilcote | R. Dong | T. Currie | J. Lozi | Y. Hayano | N. Takato | J. Morino | J. Kwon | J. Hashimoto | R. Kandori | Makoto Watanabe | M. Iye | M. Sitko | T. Usuda | C. Grady | R. Suzuki | H. Takami | T. Pyo | H. Terada | M. Goto | T. Nishimura | M. Takami | M. Ishii | J. Carson | M. Fukagawa | S. Hayashi | T. Uyama | K. Wagner | Thomas Henning | Evan A. Rich | S. Mayama | Monika Pikhartova | Satoshi Mayama | Monika Pikhartova | Ray W. Russel | Kevin R. Wagner | A. Moro-Martin | M. Pikhartova

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