Nuclear gamma rays from π ±-induced nucleon removal reactions on 23Na, 31P and 32S

Spectra of gamma rays in coincidence with incident stopped pi -, 220 MeV pi -, and 180 MeV pi + were taken with 23Na and natural S targets. Spectra were also taken with incident 180 MeV pi + and 220 MeV pi - for a 31P target. The cross sections of a variety of levels in residual nuclei formed by single-, two- and multi-nucleon removal were observed, determined and analysed. The morphology of these spectra suggests a mixture of direct and cascade/evaporation processes. Cross sections calculated with an intranuclear cascade/statistical evaporation code are in good agreement with the majority of the cross sections observed for multi-nucleon removal processes.

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