Anti-Müllerian hormone as a marker of premature ovarian aging in autoimmune thyroid disease

Abstract There is an increased incidence of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) in women with infertility. We hypothesized that serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels will be lower in premenopausal women with AITD than controls. We evaluated ovarian reserve in women with AITD (n = 85) and healthy controls (n = 80), all <40 years old. Detailed data on reproductive history were obtained. Gonadotrophins, steroids, AMH, and inhibin B levels were measured during the follicular phase. The number of pregnancies as well as live births was lower in women with AITD (p < 0.01). No difference was observed in terms of FSH, estradiol, and inhibin B. AMH levels were lower in AITD women than in controls (1.16 + 0.17 versus 1.28 + 0.25 ng/ml, mean + SD, p = 0.001). According to the multiple regression analysis, even after age adjustment, AITD was significantly and independently affected AMH levels (t = 2.674, p = 0.008). Women with AITD seem to have a diminished ovarian follicular reserve and measurement of serum AMH level has the potential to be used to predict this comorbidity.

[1]  Y. Shoenfeld,et al.  Pathogenesis of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss in thyroid autoimmunity. , 2012, Journal of autoimmunity.

[2]  C. Lichiardopol,et al.  The thyroid and autoimmunity. , 2009, Romanian journal of internal medicine = Revue roumaine de medecine interne.

[3]  G. Krassas,et al.  Thyroid autoimmunity and miscarriage , 2008, Hormones.

[4]  P. Peeters,et al.  The association between vascular function-related genes and age at natural menopause , 2008, Menopause.

[5]  F. Petraglia,et al.  High serum inhibin concentration discriminates autoimmune oophoritis from other forms of primary ovarian insufficiency. , 2008, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[6]  P. Perros,et al.  Thyroid autoimmunity, infertility and miscarriage , 2008, Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism.

[7]  R. Rey,et al.  Hormonal profile in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome with or without type 1 diabetes mellitus. , 2007, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[8]  H. Burger,et al.  A review of hormonal changes during the menopausal transition: focus on findings from the Melbourne Women's Midlife Health Project. , 2007, Human reproduction update.

[9]  B. Velkeniers,et al.  Thyroid disease and female reproduction , 2007, Clinical endocrinology.

[10]  P. Otero,et al.  Subclinical hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity in women with infertility , 2007, Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology.

[11]  D. Dazzi,et al.  Levothyroxine treatment in euthyroid pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease: effects on obstetrical complications. , 2006, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[12]  E. Codner,et al.  Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome and ovarian morphology in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus. , 2006, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[13]  B. Velkeniers,et al.  Thyroid autoimmunity and female infertility. , 2006, Verhandelingen - Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van Belgie.

[14]  P. Serhal,et al.  Antral follicle count, anti‐mullerian hormone and inhibin B: predictors of ovarian response in assisted reproductive technology? , 2005, BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[15]  S. Gupta,et al.  Circulating auto-antibodies against the zona pellucida and thyroid microsomal antigen in women with premature ovarian failure. , 2005, Journal of reproductive immunology.

[16]  R. Fanchin,et al.  High reproducibility of serum anti-Mullerian hormone measurements suggests a multi-staged follicular secretion and strengthens its role in the assessment of ovarian follicular status. , 2005, Human reproduction.

[17]  Alan R Gilmore,et al.  Anti‐müllerian hormone as a marker of ovarian reserve * , 2005, The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology.

[18]  F. Broekmans,et al.  Anti-müllerian hormone is a promising predictor for the occurrence of the menopausal transition , 2004, Menopause.

[19]  R. Gärtner,et al.  High prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. , 2004, European journal of endocrinology.

[20]  F. Broekmans,et al.  Serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels: a novel measure of ovarian reserve. , 2002, Human reproduction.

[21]  B. Velkeniers,et al.  Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in infertile women. , 2002, Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association.

[22]  B. Fauser,et al.  Antimüllerian hormone serum levels: a putative marker for ovarian aging. , 2002, Fertility and sterility.

[23]  N. Klein,et al.  Inhibin-B as a test of ovarian reserve for infertile women. , 1999, Human reproduction.

[24]  D. Cramer,et al.  Inhibin A and inhibin B reflect ovarian function in assisted reproduction but are less useful at predicting outcome. , 1999, Human reproduction.

[25]  J. Lessing,et al.  The Presence of Antithyroid Antibodies in Euthyroid Patients With Unexplained Infertility and Tubal Obstruction , 1997, American journal of reproductive immunology.

[26]  C. Coulam,et al.  Laboratory Evaluation of Women Experiencing Reproductive Failure , 1996, American journal of reproductive immunology.

[27]  J. Bézard,et al.  Origin of anti-Müllerian hormone in bovine freemartin fetuses. , 1984, Journal of reproduction and fertility.

[28]  A. Gougeon.  Caractères qualitatifs et quantitatifs de la population folliculaire dans l'ovaire humain adulte , 1984 .

[29]  O. Eade,et al.  SMOOTH-MUSCLE ANTIBODIES IN INFERTILITY , 1975, The Lancet.