Edition collaborative des documents semi-structurés

Les editeurs collaboratifs permettent a des utilisateurs eloignes de collaborer a une tâche commune qui va de l'utilisation d'un agenda partage a la realisation de logiciels. Ce concept est ne avec SCCS en1972 et connait un engouement recent (ex: Wikipedia). L'absence de centralisation et l'asynchronisme sont des aspects essentiels de cette approche qui releve d'un modele pair-a-pair (P2P).  D'un autre cote,le format XML est devenu une reference pour la manipulation et l'echange de documents. Notre travail vise a la realisation d'un editeur collaboratif P2P pour l'edition de documents semi-structures qui sont une abstraction du format XML.  Le probleme est difficile et de nombreuses propositions se sont revelees erronees ou ne passant pas a l'echelle. Nous rappelons les concepts et l'etat de l'art sur l'edition collaborative, les modeles centralises et le P2P.  Ensuite, nous explorons deux approches differentes : les transformees operationnelles et le CRDT (Commutative Replicated Data Type) avec differentes structures de donnees arborescentes. L'objectif est de realiser les operations de base (ajout, suppression et re-etiquetage) tout en garantissant la convergence du processus d'edition. Nous proposons un algorithme generique pour l'approche CRDT basee sur une notion d'independance dans la structure de donnees.  Nous avons etendu nos travaux afin de realiser l'operation de deplacement d'un sous-arbre et de prendre en compte le typage XML. Peu de travaux abordent ces deux points qui sont tres utiles pour l'edition de documents. Finalement, nous donnons les resultats experimentaux obtenus avec un prototype permettant de valider notre approche.

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