Evolutionary Computation Techniques Applied to Phasor Measurement Unit Design

This paper presents a performance comparison of methodologies for phasor estimation in power systems. An intelligent tool, the Genetic Algorithm, with a variation that uses less computing effort, the compact Genetic Algorithm, was compared to two traditional methods: the Discrete Fourier Transform and the Phase Locked-Loop filter. The mentioned methodologies were programed in C++ language. A comparison with traditional methods was made based on the IEEE C37.118 standard and results show that this intelligent tool presents a better performance, especially during transient events.

[1]  Y. Hu,et al.  A new frequency tracking and phasor estimation algorithm for generator protection , 1997 .

[2]  Daniel Barbosa,et al.  Digital frequency relaying based on the modified least mean square method , 2010 .

[3]  Hosam K. M. Youssef,et al.  A genetic based algorithm for frequency-relaying applications , 2000 .

[4]  David G. Hart,et al.  PMUs - A new approach to power network monitoring , 2001 .

[5]  Yuanzhang Sun,et al.  A practical, precise method for frequency tracking and phasor estimation , 2004 .

[6]  M. Sachdev,et al.  A Least Error Squares Technique For Determining Power System Frequency , 1985, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[7]  A. K. Ziarani,et al.  A method of extraction of nonstationary sinusoids , 2004, Signal Process..

[8]  M. Oleskovicz,et al.  A genetic based algorithm for frequency relaying using FPGAs , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[9]  P. Djurić,et al.  Frequency tracking in power networks in the presence of harmonics , 1993 .

[10]  Ganapati Panda,et al.  An extended complex Kalman filter for frequency measurement of distorted signals , 2000, 2000 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37077).

[11]  Yuanzhang Sun,et al.  A practical method to improve phasor and power measurement accuracy of DFT algorithm , 2006 .

[12]  A.G. Phadke,et al.  Synchronized Phasor and Frequency Measurement Under Transient Conditions , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[13]  Mitsuo Gen,et al.  Genetic algorithms and engineering design , 1997 .

[14]  William H. Press,et al.  Numerical recipes in C , 2002 .

[15]  M. Oleskovicz,et al.  An Efficient Frequency Estimation Methodology using Genetic Algorithms in FPGA , 2007, IECON 2007 - 33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[16]  Gabriel Benmouyal An Adaptive Sampling-Interval Generator for Digital Relaying , 1989, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[17]  A.G. Phadke,et al.  Exploring the IEEE Standard C37.118–2005 Synchrophasors for Power Systems , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[18]  Jan A Snyman,et al.  Practical Mathematical Optimization: An Introduction to Basic Optimization Theory and Classical and New Gradient-Based Algorithms , 2005 .

[19]  M. Karimi-Ghartemani,et al.  Robust and frequency-adaptive measurement of peak value , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[20]  David E. Goldberg,et al.  Genetic Algorithms in Search Optimization and Machine Learning , 1988 .

[21]  M. Oleskovicz,et al.  FPGA implementation of Genetic Algorithms for frequency estimation in power systems , 2008, 2008 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting - Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century.

[22]  David E. Goldberg,et al.  The compact genetic algorithm , 1999, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[23]  J. Thorp,et al.  A New Measurement Technique for Tracking Voltage Phasors, Local System Frequency, and Rate of Change of Frequency , 1983, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[24]  Aurobinda Routray,et al.  A novel Kalman filter for frequency estimation of distorted signals in power systems , 2002, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas..

[25]  Arun G. Phadke,et al.  Synchronized phasor measurements-a historical overview , 2002, IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition.