Ultra-wideband communications: an idea whose time has come

Ultra-wideband (UWB) radio is a fast emerging technology with many unique attractive features that promotes major advances in wireless communications, networking, radar, imaging, and positioning systems. Research in UWB is still in its infancy stages, offering limited resources in handling the challenges facing the UWB communications. Understanding the unique properties and challenges of UWB communications as well as its application in competent signal processing techniques are vital in conquering the obstacles towards developing exciting UWB applications. UWB research and development has to cope with the challenges that limit their performance, capacity, throughput, network flexibility, implementation complexity, and cost. This tutorial focuses on UWB wireless communications at the physical layer. It overviews the state-of-the-art UWB in channel modeling, transmitters, and receivers of UWB radios, and outlines the research directions and challenges that needs to be overcome. Since a signal processing expertise is expected to have major impact in research and development of UWB systems, emphasis is placed on the DSP aspects.

[1]  L.B. Milstein,et al.  Spectral-encoded UWB communication systems , 2003, IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003.

[2]  G. Durisi,et al.  On the validity of Gaussian approximation to characterize the multiuser capacity of UWB TH PPM , 2002, 2002 IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies (IEEE Cat. No.02EX580).

[3]  Zhi Ding,et al.  A novel ultra-wideband pulse design algorithm , 2003, IEEE Communications Letters.

[4]  J. McClellan,et al.  Chebyshev Approximation for Nonrecursive Digital Filters with Linear Phase , 1972 .

[5]  Ramesh Harjani,et al.  Analog/RF physical layer issues for UWB systems , 2004, 17th International Conference on VLSI Design. Proceedings..

[6]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  Data-aided ML timing acquisition in ultra-wideband radios , 2003, IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003.

[7]  Qinghua Li,et al.  Multiuser detection for DS-CDMA UWB in the home environment , 2002, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[8]  R.A. Scholtz,et al.  Rapid acquisition of ultra-wideband signals in the dense multipath channel , 2002, 2002 IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies (IEEE Cat. No.02EX580).

[9]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Analog space-time coding for multiantenna ultra-wideband transmissions , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[10]  Martin Vetterli,et al.  Low-sampling rate UWB channel characterization and synchronization , 2003, Journal of Communications and Networks.

[11]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  Optimal waveform design for UWB radios , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[12]  Nael B. Abu-Ghazaleh,et al.  A taxonomy of wireless micro-sensor network models , 2002, MOCO.

[13]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Cross-band flexible UWB multiple access for high-rate multi-piconet WPANs , 2004, Conference Record of the Thirty-Eighth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, 2004..

[14]  James D. Taylor.  Ultra-wideband Radar Technology , 2000 .

[15]  Yoan Shin,et al.  Multipath characteristics of impulse radio channels , 2000, VTC2000-Spring. 2000 IEEE 51st Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37026).

[16]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Designing optimal pulse-shapers for ultra-wideband radios , 2003, Journal of Communications and Networks.

[17]  J.E. Mazo,et al.  Digital communications , 1985, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[18]  Wayne E. Stark,et al.  Performance of ultra-wideband communications with suboptimal receivers in multipath channels , 2002, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[19]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Noncoherent ultra-wideband radios , 2004, IEEE MILCOM 2004. Military Communications Conference, 2004..

[20]  Dennis Goeckel,et al.  Generalized transmitted-reference UWB systems , 2003, IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003.

[21]  David Tse,et al.  Bandwidth Scaling in Ultra Wideband Communication , 2003 .

[22]  Sergio Verdú,et al.  Spectral efficiency in the wideband regime , 2002, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[23]  R M Morey,et al.  Response to FCC 98-208 notice of inquiry in the matter of revision of part 15 of the commission's rules regarding ultra-wideband transmission systems , 1998 .

[24]  T. Scullion,et al.  New uniplanar subnanosecond monocycle pulse generator and transformer for time-domain microwave applications , 2001 .

[25]  M. Medard,et al.  Bandwidth scaling for fading channels , 1997, Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.

[26]  Robert A. Scholtz,et al.  Multiple access with time-hopping impulse modulation , 1993, Proceedings of MILCOM '93 - IEEE Military Communications Conference.

[27]  R. Fleming,et al.  Rapid acquisition for ultra-wideband localizers , 2002, 2002 IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies (IEEE Cat. No.02EX580).

[28]  Robert A. Scholtz,et al.  Optimal and suboptimal receivers for ultra-wideband transmitted reference systems , 2003, GLOBECOM '03. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37489).

[29]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Multistage block-spreading for impulse radio multiple access through ISI channels , 2002, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[30]  Thomas L. Marzetta,et al.  Unitary space-time modulation for multiple-antenna communications in Rayleigh flat fading , 2000, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[31]  Siavash M. Alamouti,et al.  A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications , 1998, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[32]  Zhengdao Wang.  Multi-carrier Ultra-Wideband multiple-access with good re-silience against multiuser interference , 2003 .

[33]  A. Swami,et al.  On the performance of UWB and DS-spread spectrum communication systems , 2002, 2002 IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies (IEEE Cat. No.02EX580).

[34]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Blind UWB timing with a dirty template , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[35]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Symbol timing estimation in ultra wideband communications , 2002, Conference Record of the Thirty-Sixth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, 2002..

[36]  D. A. Bell,et al.  Information Theory and Reliable Communication , 1969 .

[37]  A. H. Tewfik,et al.  Pulsed and non-pulsed OFDM ultra wideband wireless personal area networks , 2003, IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003.

[38]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  Complex field coded MIMO systems: performance, rate, and trade-offs , 2002, Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput..

[39]  Abhay Parekh,et al.  A generalized processor sharing approach to flow control in integrated services networks-the single node case , 1992, [Proceedings] IEEE INFOCOM '92: The Conference on Computer Communications.

[40]  Xiaofan Yang,et al.  Ultra wide-band communications with blind channel estimation based on first-order statistics , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[41]  Moe Z. Win.  On the power spectral density of digital pulse streams generated by M-ary cyclostationary sequences in the presence of stationary timing jitter , 1998, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[42]  Anuj Batra,et al.  A multi-band OFDM system for UWB communication , 2003, IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003.

[43]  Urbashi Mitra,et al.  Synchronization and channel estimation for UWB signal , 2003, GLOBECOM '03. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37489).

[44]  Won Namgoong,et al.  A channelized digital ultrawideband receiver , 2003, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[45]  R. Michael Buehrer,et al.  Ultra-Wideband Wireless Systems , 2005 .

[46]  Ralph T. Hoctor,et al.  An overview of delay-ho pped, transmitted-reference RF communications , 2002 .

[47]  Satish K. Tripathi,et al.  Carry-over round robin: a simple cell scheduling mechanism for ATM networks , 1998, TNET.

[48]  E. M. Staderini,et al.  UWB radars in medicine , 2002 .

[49]  H.G. Schantz,et al.  The diamond dipole: a Gaussian impulse antenna , 2001, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 2001 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.01CH37229).

[50]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  Optimal pilot waveform assisted modulation for ultra-wideband communications , 2002 .

[51]  Sang Joon Kim,et al.  A Mathematical Theory of Communication , 2006 .

[52]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Sensor Networks , 2002, Encyclopedia of GIS.

[53]  G. Giannakis,et al.  Wireless Multicarrier Communications where Fourier Meets , 2022 .

[54]  Umberto Mengali,et al.  Synchronization Techniques for Digital Receivers , 1997, Applications of Communications Theory.

[55]  Moe Z. Win,et al.  Characterization of ultra-wide bandwidth wireless indoor channels: a communication-theoretic view , 2002, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[56]  J.R. Foerster.  The performance of a direct-sequence spread ultrawideband system in the presence of multipath, narrowband interference, and multiuser interference , 2002, 2002 IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies (IEEE Cat. No.02EX580).

[57]  Sergio Verdu,et al.  Wireless bandwidth in the making , 2000, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[58]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  Deterministic Time-Varying Packet Fair Queueing for Integrated Services Networks , 2002, J. VLSI Signal Process..

[59]  J. Foerster,et al.  Channel modeling sub-committee report final , 2002 .

[60]  M. L. Welborn.  System considerations for ultra-wideband wireless networks , 2001, Proceedings RAWCON 2001. 2001 IEEE Radio and Wireless Conference (Cat.No.01EX514).

[61]  J. Romme,et al.  On the power spectral density of time-hopping impulse radio , 2002, 2002 IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies (IEEE Cat. No.02EX580).

[62]  C. Fowler,et al.  Assessment of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology , 1990, IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine.

[63]  Moe Z. Win,et al.  Performance of RAKE reception in dense multipath channels: implications of spreading bandwidth and selection diversity order , 2000, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[64]  Sergio Benedetto,et al.  A general method for error probability computation of UWB systems for indoor multiuser communications , 2003, Journal of Communications and Networks.

[65]  Venugopal V. Veeravalli,et al.  Channel acquisition for wideband CDMA signals , 2000, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[66]  Terence W. Barrett,et al.  History of UltraWideBand (UWB) Radar & Communications: Pioneers and Innovators , 2000 .

[67]  Liuqing Yang,et al.  Digital-carrier multi-band user codes for baseband UWB multiple access , 2003, Journal of Communications and Networks.

[68]  Emre Telatar,et al.  Capacity and mutual information of wideband multipath fading channels , 1998, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[69]  Moe Z. Win,et al.  Ultra-wide bandwidth time-hopping spread-spectrum impulse radio for wireless multiple-access communications , 2000, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[70]  Masoumeh Nasiri-Kenari,et al.  Performance analysis of time-hopping spread-spectrum multiple-access systems: uncoded and coded schemes , 2002, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[71]  V. Srinivasa Somayazulu,et al.  A differential detector for an ultra-wideband communications system , 2002, Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Spring 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37367).