Observation of bistable upconversion emission in Tm,Yb codoped yttria nanocrystal

Nonlinear upconversion emission properties in Tm and Yb codoped yttria nanocrystal have been studied under 973 nm laser excitation. Intrinsic bistability and hysteresis have been observed for the bright blue upconversion luminescence of Tm3+ ions at room temperature. The mechanism of the Tm3+ bistable emission is mainly related to laser-induced local thermal effects which cause the enhancement of sequential multi-photon energy transfer upconversion of Yb3+-Tm3+ pairs.

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