Effects of glucose, free fatty acids or arginine load on the GH‐releasing activity of ghrelin in humans

objective Ghrelin, a 28 amino acid peptide purified from the stomach and showing a unique structure with an n‐octanoyl ester in serine‐3 residue, is a natural ligand of the GH secretagogue (GHS) receptor (GHS‐R) and strongly stimulates GH secretion. In humans, ghrelin is more potent than growth hormone‐releasing hormone (GHRH) and non‐natural GHS such as hexarelin. Moreover, ghrelin shows a true synergism with GHRH, has no interaction with hexarelin and, similarly to non‐natural GHS, is partially refractory to the inhibitory effect of exogenous somatostatin (SS). Despite this evidence, the mechanisms underlying the GH‐releasing effect of ghrelin in humans have not been fully clarified.

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