Dual Sub‐Cells Modification Enables High‐Efficiency n–i–p Type Monolithic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells

Monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells (POTSCs) have attracted increasing attention owing to ability to overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit. However, compromised sub‐cells performance limits the tandem device performance, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of POTSCs is still lower than their single‐junction counterparts. Therefore, optimized sub‐cells with minimal energy loss are desired for producing high‐efficiency POTSCs. In this study, an ionic liquid, methylammonium acetate (MAAc), is used to modify wide‐bandgap perovskite sub‐cells (WPSCs), and bathocuproine (BCP) is used to modify small‐bandgap organic solar cells. The Ac− group of MAAc can effectively heal the Pb defects in the all‐inorganic perovskite film, which enables a high PCE of 17.16% and an open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.31 V for CsPbI2.2Br0.8‐based WPSCs. Meanwhile, the BCP film, inserted at the ZnO/organic bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) interface, acts as a space layer to prevent direct contact between ZnO and the BHJ while passivating the surface defects of ZnO, thereby mitigating ZnO defect‐induced efficiency loss. As a result, PM6:CH1007‐based SOSCs exhibit a PCE of 15.46%. Integrating these modified sub‐cells enable the fabrication of monolithic n–i–p structured POTSCs with a maximum PCE of 22.43% (21.42% certified), which is one of the highest efficiencies in such type of POTSCs.

[1]  D. Hertel,et al.  Perovskite–organic tandem solar cells with indium oxide interconnect , 2022, Nature.

[2]  Yue‐Min Xie,et al.  Subtle side chain modification of triphenylamine‐based polymer hole‐transport layer materials produces efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells , 2022, Interdisciplinary Materials.

[3]  R. Chen,et al.  Oxalate Pushes Efficiency of CsPb0.7Sn0.3IBr2 Based All‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells to over 14% , 2022, Advanced science.

[4]  A. Jen,et al.  Homogeneous Grain Boundary Passivation in Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Films Enables Fabrication of Monolithic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells with over 21% Efficiency , 2022, Advanced Functional Materials.

[5]  A. Ng,et al.  Monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells with 23.6% efficiency enabled by reduced voltage losses and optimized interconnecting layer , 2022, Nature Energy.

[6]  M. Wienk,et al.  Revealing defective interfaces in perovskite solar cells from highly sensitive sub-bandgap photocurrent spectroscopy using optical cavities , 2022, Nature communications.

[7]  J. Brédas,et al.  Spacer Engineering of Diammonium‐Based 2D Perovskites toward Efficient and Stable 2D/3D Heterostructure Perovskite Solar Cells , 2021, Advanced Energy Materials.

[8]  Yongfang Li,et al.  Surface Reconstruction for Stable Monolithic All‐Inorganic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells with over 21% Efficiency , 2021, Advanced Functional Materials.

[9]  Hao Yuan,et al.  MAAc Ionic Liquid-Assisted Defect Passivation for Efficient and Stable CsPbIBr2 Perovskite Solar Cells , 2021, ACS Applied Energy Materials.

[10]  F. Jiang,et al.  Constructing All‐Inorganic Perovskite/Fluoride Nanocomposites for Efficient and Ultra‐Stable Perovskite Solar Cells , 2021, Advanced Functional Materials.

[11]  Yue‐Min Xie,et al.  Metal‐Halide Perovskite Crystallization Kinetics: A Review of Experimental and Theoretical Studies , 2021, Advanced Energy Materials.

[12]  W. Wong,et al.  The Use of Green‐Solvent Processable Molecules with Large Dipole Moments in the Electron Extraction Layer of Inverted Organic Solar Cells as a Universal Route for Enhancing Stability , 2021, Advanced Sustainable Systems.

[13]  G. Grancini,et al.  All‐Inorganic Cesium‐Based Hybrid Perovskites for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells and Modules , 2021, Advanced Energy Materials.

[14]  Kang L. Wang,et al.  In‐Situ Hot Oxygen Cleansing and Passivation for All‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells Deposited in Ambient to Breakthrough 19% Efficiency , 2021, Advanced Functional Materials.

[15]  Lei Tao,et al.  Stability of mixed-halide wide bandgap perovskite solar cells: Strategies and progress , 2021 .

[16]  Lei Tao,et al.  Residual solvent extraction via chemical displacement for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells , 2021 .

[17]  Wei Huang,et al.  Solvent Engineering of the Precursor Solution toward Large‐Area Production of Perovskite Solar Cells , 2021, Advanced materials.

[18]  Yue‐Min Xie,et al.  Monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells: Developments, prospects, and challenges , 2021 .

[19]  Yue‐Min Xie,et al.  D-A-π-A-D-type Dopant-free Hole Transport Material for Low-Cost, Efficient, and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells , 2021 .

[20]  B. Rech,et al.  Monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell with >29% efficiency by enhanced hole extraction , 2020, Science.

[21]  S. Tsang,et al.  Revealing the Degradation and Self‐Healing Mechanisms in Perovskite Solar Cells by Sub‐Bandgap External Quantum Efficiency Spectroscopy , 2020, Advanced materials.

[22]  Lei Yan,et al.  Efficient monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells and their efficiency potential , 2020 .

[23]  Xiaodong Li,et al.  Effective Surface Treatment for High-Performance Inverted CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency of 15.92% , 2020, Nano-Micro Letters.

[24]  W. Sha,et al.  Efficient and Reproducible Monolithic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells with Low-Loss Interconnecting Layers , 2020 .

[25]  A. Ievlev,et al.  Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) for Chemical Characterization of Metal Halide Perovskites , 2020, Advanced Functional Materials.

[26]  Chun‐Sing Lee,et al.  FA-Assistant Iodide Coordination in Organic-Inorganic Wide-Bandgap Perovskite with Mixed Halides. , 2020, Small.

[27]  Hongwei Song,et al.  Chemical inhibition of reversible decomposition for efficient and super-stable perovskite solar cells , 2020 .

[28]  A. Jen,et al.  Highly efficient all-inorganic perovskite solar cells with suppressed non-radiative recombination by a Lewis base , 2020, Nature Communications.

[29]  M. Fleischer,et al.  Power output stabilizing feature in perovskite solar cells at operating condition: Selective contact-dependent charge recombination dynamics , 2019, Nano Energy.

[30]  Chun‐Sing Lee,et al.  Revealing the crystallization process and realizing uniform 1.8 eV MA-based wide-bandgap mixed-halide perovskites via solution engineering , 2019, Nano Research.

[31]  C. Brabec,et al.  Dual Interfacial Design for Efficient CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Photostability , 2019, Advanced materials.

[32]  Wei Huang,et al.  Room-Temperature Molten Salt for Facile Fabrication of Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells in Ambient Air , 2019, Chem.

[33]  Yang Yang,et al.  Supersymmetric laser arrays , 2019, Nature Photonics.

[34]  Wei Li,et al.  Molecular Order Control of Non-fullerene Acceptors for High-Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells , 2019, Joule.

[35]  M. Li,et al.  Graphdiyne-modified cross-linkable fullerene as an efficient electron-transporting layer in organometal halide perovskite solar cells , 2018 .

[36]  Liduo Wang,et al.  Direct Evidence of Ion Diffusion for the Silver‐Electrode‐Induced Thermal Degradation of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells , 2017 .

[37]  T. Noda,et al.  Thermally Stable MAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency of 19.19% and Area over 1 cm2 achieved by Additive Engineering , 2017, Advanced materials.

[38]  Ian D. Sharp,et al.  Band Tailing and Deep Defect States in CH3NH3Pb(I1–xBrx)3 Perovskites As Revealed by Sub-Bandgap Photocurrent , 2017 .

[39]  Michael D. McGehee,et al.  High-efficiency tandem perovskite solar cells , 2015 .