Wax in bitumen : Part 1: Classifications and General Aspects

Wax in bitumen has for a long time been of great interest, particularly regarding effects on bitumen quality and methods for determining wax content. Opinions about wax in bitumen have varied over ...

[1]  T. K. Perkins,et al.  Studies of Wax Deposition in the Trans Alaska Pipeline , 1980 .

[2]  P. Claudy,et al.  Evaluation of crystallized fractions of crude oils by differential scanning calorimetry: Correlation with gas chromatography , 1995 .

[3]  M. Bouroukba,et al.  Excess thermodynamic properties of some binary solutions of ethylbenzene + n-alkanes , 1997 .

[4]  G Hildebrand,et al.  Asphalt flow improvers as 'intelligent fillers' for hot asphalts - a new chapter in asphalt technology , 2002 .

[5]  M. Djabourov,et al.  Rheology and structure of waxy crude oils in quiescent and under shearing conditions , 2004 .

[6]  V. Chevallier,et al.  Multicomponent paraffin waxes and petroleum solid deposits : structural and thermodynamic state , 1998 .

[7]  V. Chevallier,et al.  Mixtures of numerous different n-alkanes: 2. Studies by X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analyses with increasing temperature , 1999 .

[8]  Per Redelius,et al.  Rheological effects of waxes in bitumen , 2003 .

[9]  V. Chevallier,et al.  Mixtures of numerous different n-alkanes: 1. Structural studies by X-ray diffraction at room temperature—Correlation between the crystallographic long c parameter and the average composition of multi-alkane phases , 1999 .

[10]  I. Basson,et al.  Structural framework of a medium Fischer-Tropsch wax fraction determined by electron crystallography , 2000 .

[11]  F. V. Hanson,et al.  Determination of Wax Precipitation Temperature and Amount of Precipitated Solid Wax versus Temperature for Crude Oils Using FT-IR Spectroscopy , 2001 .

[12]  A. Hammami,et al.  Thermal behaviour of polymorphic n-alkanes: effect of cooling rate on the major transition temperatures , 1995 .

[13]  J. Corriou,et al.  Temperatures and enthalpies of (solid + solid) and (solid + liquid) transitions of n-alkanes , 2002 .

[14]  J. Coutinho,et al.  Low-Pressure Modeling of Wax Formation in Crude Oils , 2001 .

[15]  W. B. Pedersen,et al.  Wax precipitation from North Sea crude oils. 3. Precipitation and dissolution of wax studied by differential scanning calorimetry , 1991 .

[16]  Peter K. Kilpatrick,et al.  Molecular Characterization of Wax Isolated from a Variety of Crude Oils , 1998 .

[17]  M. V. Kok,et al.  MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF WAX DEPOSITION IN CRUDE OIL PIPELINES (COMPARATIVE STUDY) , 2000 .

[18]  P. Claudy,et al.  CHARACTERIZATION OF ASPHALTS CEMENTS BY THERMOMICROSCOPY AND DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY: CORRELATION TO CLASSIC PHYSICAL PROPERTIES , 1992 .

[19]  M. Bouroukba,et al.  Binary phase diagram of molecular alloys of the consecutive even-numbered n-alkanes n-tetracosane (n-C24H50) and n-hexacosane (n-C26H54) , 1996 .

[20]  S. P. Srivastava,et al.  Phase-transition studies in n-alkanes and petroleum-related waxes—A review , 1993 .

[21]  M. Bouroukba,et al.  Influence of addition of pure components on the structural state of multi-n-alkane mixtures , 2001 .

[22]  María del Carmen García.  Crude Oil Wax Crystallization. The Effect of Heavy n-Paraffins and Flocculated Asphaltenes , 2000 .

[23]  J. Planche,et al.  CHARACTERIZATION OF ASPHALT CEMENTS BY THERMOMICROSCOPY AND DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY: CORRELATION TO CLASSIC. IN: AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM ON CHEMISTRY AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ASPHALTS, AUGUST 1990, WASHINGTON, D.C. , 1992 .

[24]  CHANGES IH CHEMICAL COMPONENT TYPE COMPOSITION AND EFFECT ON RHEOLOQICAL PROPERTIES OF ASPHALTS , 1992 .

[25]  M. Dirand,et al.  Dissolution of some normal alkanes in ethylbenzene: deduction of the enthalpy of mixing two n-alkanes in the solid state , 1997 .

[26]  L. Carbognani,et al.  ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PARAFFINIC COMPONENTS FROM VENEZUELAN ASPHALTS EFFECTS OF PARAFFIN DOPANTS ON RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME ASPHALTS , 1998 .

[27]  M. V. Kok,et al.  Comparison of wax appearance temperatures of crude oils by differential scanning calorimetry, thermomicroscopy and viscometry , 1996 .

[28]  U. Isacsson,et al.  Wax in bitumen: part II: characterization and effects , 2005 .

[29]  J. Planche,et al.  Thermal behavior of asphalt cements , 1998 .

[30]  I. Gawel,et al.  STUDY OF WAX ISOLATED FROM BITUMEN , 1996 .

[31]  W. B. Pedersen,et al.  Wax Precipitation from North Sea Crude Oils. 1. Crystallization and Dissolution Temperatures, and Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Flow Properties , 1991 .

[32]  M. Langton,et al.  MICROSTRUCTURE OF WAX CRYSTALS IN BITUMEN , 2004 .

[33]  G Hildebrand,et al.  Modification of road bitumens with the Fischer-Tropsch paraffin Sasobit (R) , 2001 .

[34]  M. V. Kok,et al.  Crude oils: characterization of waxes precipitated on cooling by d.s.c. and thermomicroscopy , 1995 .

[35]  J. Planche,et al.  Using thermal analysis methods to better understand asphalt rheology , 1998 .

[36]  Xiaohu Lu,et al.  Non-classical Wax in Bitumen , 2002 .

[37]  João A. P. Coutinho,et al.  A Thermodynamic Model for Predicting Wax Formation in Jet and Diesel Fuels , 2000 .

[38]  S. Andersen,et al.  Solubility/Molecular Structure Relationships of Asphaltenes in Polar and Nonpolar Media , 2002 .

[39]  M. Djabourov,et al.  Morphology of paraffin crystals in waxy crude oils cooled in quiescent conditions and under flow , 2003 .

[40]  M. Bouroukba,et al.  Modifications to the binary phase diagram of the alkane mixtures n-C23–n-C24 , 1995 .

[41]  J. Daridon,et al.  Crystallization of a multiparaffinic wax in normal tetradecane , 2000 .

[42]  M. Haulait-Pirson,et al.  New predictive equation for the solubility of solid n-alkanes in organic solvents , 1987 .

[43]  I. Rahimian,et al.  EINFLUSS DER ZUGESETZTEN PARAFFINE UND DEREN STRUKTUR AUF DIE EIGENSCHAFTEN VON BITUMEN , 1997 .

[44]  H. Rønningsen,et al.  Effect of Precipitated Wax on ViscosityA Model for Predicting Non-Newtonian Viscosity of Crude Oils , 2000 .

[45]  Karen Schou Pedersen,et al.  Wax precipitation from North Sea crude oils. 4. Thermodynamic modeling , 1991 .

[46]  I Gawel,et al.  STUDY OF SATURATED COMPONENTS IN ASPHALT , 1997 .

[47]  Asger B. Hansen,et al.  Wax precipitation from North Sea crude oils. 2. Solid-phase content as function of temperature determined by pulsed NMR , 1991 .

[48]  M. Dirand,et al.  Diagram of the n-tricosane-n-tetracosane mixtures: Corrections , 1997 .

[49]  J. Hutchinson,et al.  Measurement of the wax appearance temperatures of crude oils by temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry , 2001 .

[50]  V. Ruffier-Meray,et al.  Phase diagram ofn-hexacosane andn-octacosane: experimental determination and calculation , 1999 .

[51]  M. Bouroukba,et al.  On the ideality of liquid mixtures of long-chain n-alkanes , 1997 .

[52]  L Zanzotto,et al.  DIRECT TENSION TESTS - A USEFUL TOOL IN EVALUATION OF THE LOW-TEMPERATURE IMPROVEMENT IN AIR BLOWN ASPHALT (WITH DISCUSSION) , 2003 .

[53]  M. Wesołowski.  Thermal analysis of petroleum products , 1981 .