Scientific Steering Committee

Scientific Steering Committee: Simon Chang, NRL/MRY Chris Fairall, NOAA/ESRL Wayne Higgins, NOAA/NCEP/CPC Richard Johnson, Colorado State University Chuck Long, PNNL Steve Lord, NOAA/NCEP/EMC Michael McPhaden, NOAA/PMEL Eric Maloney, Colorado State University Socorro Medina, University of Washington Mitch Moncrieff, NCAR James Moum, Oregon State University Adam Sobel, Columbia University Steven Rutledge, Colorado State University Augustin Vintzileos, NOAA/NCEP/EMC Duane Waliser, CalTech/JPL Peter Webster, Georgia Tech Chidong Zhang, University of Miami

[1]  Guifu Zhang,et al.  Experiments in Rainfall Estimation with a Polarimetric Radar in a Subtropical Environment , 2002 .

[2]  T. R. Steck,et al.  The Viable But Nonculturable State ofRalstonia solanacearum May Be Involved in Long-Term Survival and Plant Infection , 2001, Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

[3]  J C Ogden,et al.  Ecological conceptual models: a framework and case study on ecosystem management for South Florida sustainability. , 2001, The Science of the total environment.

[4]  H. Akçakaya,et al.  Linking population-level risk assessment with landscape and habitat models. , 2001, The Science of the total environment.

[5]  S. Duffy,et al.  Modeling the survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in apple cider using probability distribution functions for quantitative risk assessment. , 2001, Journal of food protection.

[6]  T. Bedford,et al.  Probabilistic Risk Analysis: Foundations and Methods , 2001 .

[7]  U. Gundert-Remy,et al.  The use of toxicodynamics in risk assessment. , 2001, Toxicology letters.

[8]  Xiao-Li Meng,et al.  The Art of Data Augmentation , 2001 .

[9]  D. Vose Risk Analysis: A Quantitative Guide , 2000 .

[10]  N. Hunter,et al.  Transmission of BSE by blood transfusion in sheep , 2000, The Lancet.

[11]  P. Brown BSE and transmission through blood , 2000, The Lancet.

[12]  Shuyi S. Chen,et al.  Convection over the Pacific Warm Pool in relation to the Atmospheric Kelvin-Rossby Wave , 2000 .

[13]  M. Basaglia,et al.  Energy content decrease and viable-not-culturable status induced by oxygen limitation coupled to the presence of nitrogen oxides in Rhizobium "hedysari" , 2000, Biology and Fertility of Soils.

[14]  R. Somerville,et al.  Infectivity in the blood of mice with a BSE-derived agent. , 2000, The Journal of hospital infection.

[15]  J. Jansson,et al.  Effect of Starvation and the Viable-but-Nonculturable State on Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) Fluorescence in GFP-TaggedPseudomonas fluorescens A506 , 2000, Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

[16]  M. Delignette-Muller,et al.  Biological variability and exposure assessment. , 2000, International journal of food microbiology.

[17]  A M Lammerding,et al.  Hazard identification and exposure assessment for microbial food safety risk assessment. , 2000, International journal of food microbiology.

[18]  V. Besnard,et al.  Development of a direct viable count procedure for the investigation of VBNC state in Listeria monocytogenes , 2000, Letters in applied microbiology.

[19]  Maarten Nauta,et al.  Separation of uncertainty and variability in quantitative microbial risk assessment models. , 2000 .

[20]  S J van Gerwen,et al.  Stepwise quantitative risk assessment as a tool for characterization of microbiological food safety , 2000, Journal of applied microbiology.

[21]  P. Brown,et al.  New studies on the heat resistance of hamster-adapted scrapie agent: threshold survival after ashing at 600 degrees C suggests an inorganic template of replication. , 2000, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[22]  Eric A. Smith,et al.  Retrieved Vertical Profiles of Latent Heat Release Using TRMM Rainfall Products for February 1998 , 2000 .

[23]  M. Moser,et al.  Targeted surveillance for bovine spongiform encephalopathy , 1999, Veterinary Record.

[24]  M. Nauta,et al.  Variability in Growth Characteristics of Different E. coli O157:H7 Isolates, and its Implications for Predictive Microbiology , 1999 .

[25]  E. Arjas,et al.  Predicting the course of meningococcal disease outbreaks in closed subpopulations , 1999, Epidemiology and Infection.

[26]  D. Hattis,et al.  Distributions of Individual Susceptibility among Humans for Toxic Effects: How Much Protection Does the Traditional Tenfold Factor Provide for What Fraction of Which Kinds of Chemicals and Effects? , 1999, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[27]  E. Skjerve Ecological effect of Taenia saginata in beef imported from a high prevalence area into Norway. , 1999, Journal of food protection.

[28]  L. McShane,et al.  Further studies of blood infectivity in an experimental model of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, with an explanation of why blood components do not transmit Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease in humans , 1999, Transfusion.

[29]  D. Dormont,et al.  Pathogenesis of the oral route of infection of mice with scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy agents. , 1999, The Journal of general virology.

[30]  H. Fraser,et al.  Scrapie replication in lymphoid tissues depends on prion protein-expressing follicular dendritic cells , 1999, Nature Medicine.

[31]  D. Calavas,et al.  Similar Signature of the Prion Protein in Natural Sheep Scrapie and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy-Linked Diseases , 1999, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

[32]  B. Oesch,et al.  Detection of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy-Specific PrPSc by Treatment with Heat and Guanidine Thiocyanate , 1999, Journal of Virology.

[33]  M. Moser,et al.  Validation of a Western immunoblotting procedure for bovine PrPSc detection and its use as a rapid surveillance method for the diagnosis of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) , 1999, Acta Neuropathologica.

[34]  S. Love,et al.  Potential contamination of beef carcases with brain tissue at slaughter , 1999, Veterinary Record.

[35]  P. Steele,et al.  Infectivity of scrapie prions. , 1999, Molecular medicine.

[36]  Brooks E. Martner,et al.  Retrieval of atmospheric liquid and ice characteristics using dual-wavelength radar observations , 1999, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..

[37]  David R. Jones,et al.  An introduction to bayesian methods in health technology assessment , 1999, BMJ.

[38]  J. Miller,et al.  Use of capillary electrophoresis and fluorescent labeled peptides to detect the abnormal prion protein in the blood of animals that are infected with a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy. , 1999, Journal of chromatography. A.

[39]  M. Doherr,et al.  Modelling the expected numbers of preclinical and clinical cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Switzerland , 1999, Veterinary Record.

[40]  David J. Spiegelhalter,et al.  Probabilistic Networks and Expert Systems , 1999, Information Science and Statistics.

[41]  H. Schimmel,et al.  Tests for BSE evaluated , 1999, Nature.

[42]  A. Aguzzi,et al.  PrP‐dependent association of prions with splenic but not circulating lymphocytes of scrapie‐infected mice , 1999, The EMBO journal.

[43]  J. Blumenthal,et al.  Impact of psychological factors on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and implications for therapy. , 1999, Circulation.

[44]  G. R. Schmidt,et al.  An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for glial fibrillary acidic protein as an indicator of the presence of brain or spinal cord in meat. , 1999, Journal of food protection.

[45]  G. R. Schmidt,et al.  Potential for disruption of central nervous system tissue in beef cattle by different types of captive bolt stunners. , 1999, Journal of food protection.

[46]  G. Wells,et al.  Limited detection of sternal bone marrow infectivity in the clinical phase of experimental bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) , 1999, Veterinary Record.

[47]  Alexander V. Ryzhkov,et al.  Cloud Microphysics Retrieval Using S-Band Dual-Polarization Radar Measurements , 1999 .

[48]  J. Tissier,et al.  Physiological Characterization of Viable-but-Nonculturable Campylobacter jejuniCells , 1999, Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

[49]  Matthew C. Wheeler,et al.  Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves: Analysis of Clouds and Temperature in the Wavenumber–Frequency Domain , 1999 .

[50]  R. Xiong,et al.  A mathematical model for bacterial inactivation. , 1999, International journal of food microbiology.

[51]  R. Bradley BSE transmission studies with particular reference to blood. , 1999, Developments in biological standardization.

[52]  C. Gibbs,et al.  Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and related transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. , 1998, The New England journal of medicine.

[53]  N M Ferguson,et al.  Epidemiological determinants of the pattern and magnitude of the vCJD epidemic in Great Britain , 1998, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

[54]  M. Pieters,et al.  A Probabilistic Approach for Deriving Acceptable Human Intake Limits and Human Health Risks from Toxicological Studies: General Framework , 1998, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[55]  N Bemrah,et al.  Quantitative risk assessment of human listeriosis from consumption of soft cheese made from raw milk. , 1998, Preventive veterinary medicine.

[56]  P J McClure,et al.  Quantitative microbiological risk assessment: principles applied to determining the comparative risk of salmonellosis from chicken products. , 1998, Journal of food protection.

[57]  S J van Gerwen,et al.  Growth and inactivation models to be used in quantitative risk assessments. , 1998, Journal of food protection.

[58]  D G Altman,et al.  Bayesians and frequentists , 1998, BMJ.

[59]  F. Cohen,et al.  Eight prion strains have PrPSc molecules with different conformations , 1998, Nature Medicine.

[60]  C. Knight,et al.  Early Radar Echoes from Small, Warm Cumulus: Bragg and Hydrometeor Scattering , 1998 .

[61]  P. Brown,et al.  The distribution of infectivity in blood components and plasma derivatives in experimental models of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy , 1998, Transfusion.

[62]  S. Rutledge,et al.  Convection in TOGA COARE: Horizontal Scale, Morphology, and Rainfall Production , 1998 .

[63]  M. J. Nauta,et al.  A risk assessment approach to evaluating food safety based on product surveillance , 1998 .

[64]  J. Meng,et al.  Development of a model for evaluation of microbial cross-contamination in the kitchen. , 1998, Journal of food protection.

[65]  M. Smits,et al.  Tonsillar biopsy and PrPSc detection in the preclinical diagnosis of scrapie , 1998, Veterinary Record.

[66]  M H Cassin,et al.  Quantitative risk assessment for Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef hamburgers. , 1998, International journal of food microbiology.

[67]  B. Chesebro,et al.  Scrapie infectivity found in resistant species , 1998, Nature.

[68]  M. Beekes,et al.  Effect of repeated oral infection of hamsters with scrapie. , 1998, The Journal of general virology.

[69]  A. Jenny,et al.  A diagnostic test for scrapie‐infected sheep using a capillary electrophoresis immunoassay with fluorescent‐labeled peptides , 1998, Electrophoresis.

[70]  M. Dawson,et al.  Preliminary observations on the pathogenesis of experimental bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE): an update , 1998, Veterinary Record.

[71]  A. Aguzzi,et al.  A crucial role for B cells in neuroinvasive scrapie , 1997, Nature.

[72]  S. Cousens,et al.  Transmissions to mice indicate that ‘new variant’ CJD is caused by the BSE agent , 1997, Nature.

[73]  Sandra E. Yuter,et al.  Measurements of Raindrop Size Distributions over the Pacific Warm Pool and Implications for Z-R Relations , 1997 .

[74]  R. C. Whiting,et al.  Development of a quantitative risk assessment model for Salmonella enteritidis in pasteurized liquid eggs. , 1997, International journal of food microbiology.

[75]  R. Munro Neural tissue embolism in cattle. , 1997, The Veterinary record.

[76]  J. Collinge,et al.  Diagnosis of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by tonsil biopsy , 1997, The Lancet.

[77]  Christl A. Donnelly,et al.  Analysis of the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Maternal Cohort Study: Evidence for Direct Maternal Transmission , 1997 .

[78]  Barry Gower,et al.  Scientific Method: A Historical and Philosophical Introduction , 1996 .

[79]  Scott Ferson,et al.  What Monte Carlo methods cannot do , 1996 .

[80]  D. Taylor,et al.  The effect of dry heat on the ME7 strain of mouse-passaged scrapie agent. , 1996, The Journal of general virology.

[81]  Andrew F. Hill,et al.  Molecular analysis of prion strain variation and the aetiology of 'new variant' CJD , 1996, Nature.

[82]  K. Taylor Brain emboli in the lungs of cattle , 1996, The Lancet.

[83]  R J Lilford,et al.  For Debate: The statistical basis of public policy: a paradigm shift is overdue , 1996, BMJ.

[84]  T. Garland,et al.  Brain emboli in the lungs of cattle after stunning , 1996, The Lancet.

[85]  C. Donnelly,et al.  Transmission dynamics and epidemiology of BSE in British cattle , 1996, Nature.

[86]  J. Hauw,et al.  BSE transmission to macaques , 1996, Nature.

[87]  D. Taylor,et al.  The response of the 22A strain of scrapie agent to microwave irradiation compared with boiling , 1996, Neuropathology and applied neurobiology.

[88]  M. Nowak,et al.  Prediction of future BSE spread , 1996, Nature.

[89]  J. Degos,et al.  Pooled plasma derivatives and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease , 1996, The Lancet.

[90]  Matthias Steiner,et al.  Climatological Characterization of Three-Dimensional Storm Structure from Operational Radar and Rain Gauge Data , 1995 .

[91]  J. Degos,et al.  Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease after liver transplantation , 1995, Annals of neurology.

[92]  A. Zurbriggen,et al.  In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for prion protein (PrP) in bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). , 1995, Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A.

[93]  J. Farber,et al.  Modelling the effects of various parameters on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes on liver pâté , 1995 .

[94]  J P Flandrois,et al.  Convenient Model To Describe the Combined Effects of Temperature and pH on Microbial Growth , 1995, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[95]  J. Wilesmith,et al.  The Neuropathology and Epidemiology of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy , 1995, Brain pathology.

[96]  L. Rosso,et al.  Modélisation et microbiologie prévisionnelle : élaboration d'un nouvel outil pour l'agro-alimentaire , 1995 .

[97]  J Baranyi,et al.  A dynamic approach to predicting bacterial growth in food. , 1994, International journal of food microbiology.

[98]  D E Burmaster,et al.  Principles of good practice for the use of Monte Carlo techniques in human health and ecological risk assessments. , 1994, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[99]  J. Miller,et al.  Detection of Prion Protein in Formalin-Fixed Brain by Hydrated Autoclaving Immunohistochemistry for the Diagnosis of Scrapie in Sheep , 1994, Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc.

[100]  S. Rapoport,et al.  Blood buffy coat from Alzheimer's disease patients and their relatives does not transmit spongiform encephalopathy to hamsters , 1994, Neurology.

[101]  P. Brown,et al.  Human spongiform encephalopathy: The national institutes of health series of 300 cases of experimentally transmitted disease , 1994, Annals of neurology.

[102]  D. Dormont,et al.  Selection of specific strains in iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease , 1994, The Lancet.

[103]  W Slob,et al.  Modeling long-term exposure of the whole population to chemicals in food. , 1993, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[104]  J. Wilesmith,et al.  Epidemiology and control of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). , 1993, British medical bulletin.

[105]  L. Manuelidis,et al.  A transmissible Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease-like agent is prevalent in the human population. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[106]  L. Dumble,et al.  Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion , 1993, The Lancet.

[107]  D. Broom,et al.  Stress and Animal Welfare , 1993, Springer Netherlands.

[108]  F. Taguchi,et al.  Demonstration of the transmissible agent in tissue from a pregnant woman with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. , 1992, The New England journal of medicine.

[109]  Marsh Rf,et al.  Transmissible mink encephalopathy. , 1992, Revue scientifique et technique.

[110]  E. Williams,et al.  Spongiform encephalopathies in Cervidae. , 1992, Revue scientifique et technique.

[111]  R. Rohwer Alzheimer's disease transmission , 1992, Neurology.

[112]  Peter Sloep,et al.  Mathematical modeling in the life sciences , 1992 .

[113]  C. Masters,et al.  Evidence against the transmissibility of Alzheimer's disease , 1991, Neurology.

[114]  J W Wilesmith,et al.  Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: epidemiological studies on the origin , 1991, Veterinary Record.

[115]  A. O'Leary,et al.  Stress, emotion, and human immune function. , 1990, Psychological bulletin.

[116]  J. Gorham,et al.  Organ-specific modification of the dose-response relationship of scrapie infectivity. , 1990, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[117]  P. Liberski,et al.  Resistance of scrapie infectivity to steam autoclaving after formaldehyde fixation and limited survival after ashing at 360 degrees C: practical and theoretical implications. , 1990, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[118]  Max Henrion,et al.  Uncertainty: A Guide to Dealing with Uncertainty in Quantitative Risk and Policy Analysis , 1990 .

[119]  K. Davey,et al.  A predictive model for combined temperature and water activity on microbial growth during the growth phase. , 1989, The Journal of applied bacteriology.

[120]  J. Ryan,et al.  Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: epidemiological studies , 1988, Veterinary Record.

[121]  G. Multhaup,et al.  Fibrils from brains of cows with new cattle disease contain scrapie-associated protein , 1988, Nature.

[122]  N. Newman,et al.  Embolism of cerebral tissue to lungs: report of two cases and review of the literature. , 1988, Neurosurgery.

[123]  J. de Figueiredo,et al.  Transmission studies from blood of Alzheimer disease patients and healthy relatives. , 1988, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[124]  T. Starr,et al.  Opportunities for improving techniques for interspecies extrapolation in the risk assessment process. , 1988, Environmental health perspectives.

[125]  D. Blackmore,et al.  Slaughter of stock , 1988 .

[126]  R H Kimberlin,et al.  Pathogenesis of experimental scrapie. , 1988, Ciba Foundation symposium.

[127]  R. Kennedy,et al.  Temporal distribution of transmissible mink encephalopathy virus in mink inoculated subcutaneously , 1987, Journal of virology.

[128]  Sander Greenland,et al.  Modern Epidemiology 3rd edition , 1986 .

[129]  J. Tateishi TRANSMISSION OF CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE FROM HUMAN BLOOD AND URINE INTO MICE , 1985, The Lancet.

[130]  E. Manuelidis,et al.  TRANSMISSION TO ANIMALS OF CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE FROM HUMAN BLOOD , 1985, The Lancet.

[131]  J. Tateishi,et al.  Unconventional pathogens causing spongiform encephalopathies absent in blood products , 1985, Journal of medical virology.

[132]  D. Churchill,et al.  Development and Structure of Winter Monsoon Cloud Clusters On 10 December 1978 , 1984 .

[133]  D. Gajdusek,et al.  Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in mice: persistent viremia and preferential replication of virus in low-density lymphocytes , 1983, Infection and immunity.

[134]  R. Kennedy,et al.  Natural infection of Suffolk sheep with scrapie virus. , 1982, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[135]  E. Lambooy Some aspects of the effectiveness of stunning in sheep by the captive bolt. , 1982, Meat science.

[136]  Averill M. Law,et al.  Simulation Modeling and Analysis , 1982 .

[137]  P. Sharpe,et al.  Non-linear regression of biological temperature-dependent rate models based on absolute reaction-rate theory. , 1981, Journal of theoretical biology.

[138]  C. Eklund,et al.  Virologic and Neurohistologic Findings in Dairy Goats Affected with Natural Scrapie , 1980, Veterinary pathology.

[139]  B. Mackey,et al.  Contamination of the deep tissues of carcasses by bacteria present on the slaughter instruments or in the gut. , 1979, The Journal of applied bacteriology.

[140]  E. Manuelidis,et al.  TRANSMISSION, FROM MAN TO HAMSTER, OF CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE WITH CLINICAL RECOVERY , 1978, The Lancet.

[141]  L. Manuelidis,et al.  Viremia in experimental Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. , 1978, Science.

[142]  G. Mickwitz,et al.  Review of pre-slaughter stunning in the E.C. Information on agriculture 30, March 1977 , 1977 .

[143]  Outram Gw The pathogenesis of scrapie in mice. , 1976 .

[144]  G. D. Hunter,et al.  The physico-chemical nature of the scrapie agent. , 1976, Frontiers of biology.

[145]  D. Gajdusek,et al.  Pathogenesis of subacute spongiform encephalopathies. , 1976, Annals of clinical and laboratory science.

[146]  E. Manuelidis Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from man to the guinea pig , 1975, Science.

[147]  C. Eklund,et al.  Course of experimental scrapie virus infection in the goat. , 1974, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[148]  J. Miller,et al.  Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy: Studies on the Peripheral Lymphocyte , 1973, Infection and immunity.

[149]  A. Dickinson,et al.  Experimental scrapie in Cheviot and Suffolk sheep. , 1969, Journal of comparative pathology.

[150]  P. Daniel,et al.  Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (Spongiform Encephalopathy): Transmission to the Chimpanzee , 1968, Science.

[151]  H. Fraser,et al.  Identification of a gene which controls the incubation period of some strains of scrapie agent in mice. , 1968, Journal of comparative pathology.

[152]  D. Haig,et al.  Presence of the transmissible agent of scrapie in the serum of affected mice and rats , 1967, Veterinary Record.

[153]  C. Eklund,et al.  Pathogenesis of scrapie virus infection in the mouse. , 1967, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[154]  M. Alpers,et al.  Experimental Transmission of a Kuru-like Syndrome to Chimpanzees , 1966, Nature.

[155]  Kirby D. Smith,et al.  An Examination of the Action of Whole Blood, Blood Cells or Serum on the Goat Scrapie Agent , 1964 .

[156]  G. C. Millson,et al.  Distribution of the scrapie agent in the tissues of experimentally inoculated goats. , 1962, Journal of comparative pathology.

[157]  R. L. Chandler Encephalopathy in mice produced by inoculation with scrapie brain material. , 1961, Lancet.

[158]  G. C. Millson,et al.  Further observations on the experimental production of scrapie in goats and sheep. , 1960, Journal of comparative pathology.