A Game-Based Corpus for Analysing the Interplay between Game Context and Player Experience

Recognizing players' affective state while playing video games has been the focus of many recent research studies. In this paper we describe the process that has been followed to build a corpus based on game events and recorded video sessions from human players while playing Super Mario Bros. We present different types of information that have been extracted from game context, player preferences and perception of the game, as well as user features, automatically extracted from video recordings. We run a number of initial experiments to analyse players' behavior while playing video games as a case study of the possible use of the corpus.

[1]  Julian Togelius,et al.  Experience-Driven Procedural Content Generation , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing.

[2]  Regan L. Mandryk,et al.  Physiological indicators for the evaluation of co-located collaborative play , 2004, CSCW.

[3]  Rosalind W. Picard.  Affective computing: (526112012-054) , 1997 .

[4]  Cristina Conati,et al.  Probabilistic assessment of user's emotions in educational games , 2002, Appl. Artif. Intell..

[5]  Kostas Karpouzis,et al.  Robust Feature Detection for Facial Expression Recognition , 2007, EURASIP J. Image Video Process..

[6]  Alan F. Smeaton,et al.  Indexing of Fictional Video Content for Event Detection and Summarisation , 2007, EURASIP J. Image Video Process..

[7]  Georgios N. Yannakakis,et al.  Real-Time Game Adaptation for Optimizing Player Satisfaction , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games.

[8]  Kostas Karpouzis,et al.  Estimation of behavioral user state based on eye gaze and head pose—application in an e-learning environment , 2009, Multimedia Tools and Applications.

[9]  Katherine Isbister,et al.  Game Usability - Advice from the Experts for Advancing the Player Experience , 2008 .

[10]  G. Calleja.  In-Game: From Immersion to Incorporation , 2011 .

[11]  Julian Togelius,et al.  Modeling Player Experience for Content Creation , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games.

[12]  Mubarak Shah,et al.  Determining driver visual attention with one camera , 2003, IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst..

[13]  E. Hudlicka.  AFFECTIVE COMPUTING FOR GAME DESIGN , 2008 .

[14]  Julian Togelius,et al.  Feature analysis for modeling game content quality , 2011, 2011 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG'11).

[15]  E. Vesterinen,et al.  Affective Computing , 2009, Encyclopedia of Biometrics.

[16]  Jennifer Healey,et al.  Toward Machine Emotional Intelligence: Analysis of Affective Physiological State , 2001, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[17]  Julian Togelius,et al.  Modeling player experience in Super Mario Bros , 2009, 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games.

[18]  Julian Togelius,et al.  Towards Automatic Personalized Content Generation for Platform Games , 2010, AIIDE.

[19]  Thomas Malone.  What makes computer games fun? (abstract only) , 1981, CHI '81.

[20]  Lorraine Borman,et al.  Proceedings of the Joint Conference on Easier and More Productive Use of Computer Systems. (Part - II): Human Interface and the User Interface - Volume 1981 , 1981 .

[21]  William V. Wright,et al.  A Theory of Fun for Game Design , 2004 .

[22]  Georgios N. Yannakakis,et al.  Real-time adaptation of augmented-reality games for optimizing player satisfaction , 2008, 2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games.

[23]  Kristina Höök,et al.  Affective Loop Experiences - What Are They? , 2008, PERSUASIVE.

[24]  Carlos Martinho,et al.  Closing the loop: from affect recognition to empathic interaction , 2010, AFFINE '10.

[25]  Georgios N. Yannakakis.  Preference learning for affective modeling , 2009, 2009 3rd International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction and Workshops.

[26]  Georgios N. Yannakakis,et al.  Preference Learning for Cognitive Modeling: A Case Study on Entertainment Preferences , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans.

[27]  Candace L. Sidner,et al.  Explorations in engagement for humans and robots , 2005, Artif. Intell..

[28]  Randy J. Pagulayan,et al.  User-centered design in games , 2012 .

[29]  Katherine Isbister,et al.  Game Usability: Advancing the Player Experience , 2008 .