GENERALISED AND ADVANCED URBAN DEBITING INNOVATIONS: THE GAUDI PROJECT. 2. DUBLIN AND MARSEILLE MULTI-SERVICING EXPERIMENTS

In this second of the series of articles concerning the GAUDI Project, the multi-service smart-card experiments conducted in Dublin and Marseille are described. Both experiments used essentially the same technology - an integrated circuit, or 'smart' card with contacts. While there were differences between the systems developed in each city, both achieved the same desired result - to demonstrate the feasibility of a 'smart' card system as a tool for the implementation of integrated payments in a demand management scheme.