The Croatian experience of steel slag application in civil engineering

In India, Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC), Jalna, has been declared as the steel-producing zone in Maharashtra. In Jalna MIDC, about 40 small- and large-scale industries waste about 1000 MT iron slag daily. An extensive experimental analysis was done to find the various strengths of steel slag, eg, when used as aggregates in roads. The objective of this chapter is to identify the mechanical characteristics of steel slag for using it in the construction of roads, which will be helpful to replace natural aggregates. As slag is an inert material, it cannot take part in chemical reactions during rainy season. It can be effectively used in the water-bound macadam roads and also in flexible as well as rigid pavements. But it will be economical only if used in the nearest areas to the production site; because when the transportation cost increases, economy of the construction decreases. This study identified various mechanical properties of steel slag such as abrasion value (25.66%), impact value (19.90%), crushing value (5.20%), specific gravity (2.71), maximum dry density (2.39g/cc), optimum moisture content (9.67%), water absorption (0.93%). There are strong practical implications for both practitioners and academicians for using steel slag in the construction of roads. Also researchers can find the use of steel slag in various areas of civil engineering, such as wastewater treatment, water treatment, again as aggregates in concrete.

[1]  I. Barišić,et al.  Characterization of hydraulically bound base materials through digital image correlation , 2015 .

[2]  V. Ducman,et al.  The potential use of steel slag in refractory concrete , 2011 .

[3]  S. Ghosh,et al.  The chemistry of dicalcium silicate mineral , 1979 .

[4]  M.-V. Almeida Melo e Silva,et al.  ACERITA ® - Steel slag with reduced expansion potential , 2004 .

[5]  Jaap Weerheijm,et al.  Investigating porous concrete with improved strength: Testing at different scales , 2013 .

[6]  M. Elices,et al.  Effect of aggregate shape on the mechanical properties of a simple concrete , 2009 .

[7]  Edwin G. Burdette,et al.  Laboratory evaluation of permeability and strength of polymer-modified pervious concrete , 2010 .

[8]  J. Hazemann,et al.  Environmental impacts of steel slag reused in road construction: a crystallographic and molecular (XANES) approach. , 2007, Journal of hazardous materials.

[9]  J. Colt.  Water quality requirements for reuse systems , 2006 .

[10]  V. Ducman,et al.  Characterisation of the pore-forming process in lightweight aggregate based on silica sludge by means of X-ray micro-tomography (micro-CT) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) , 2013 .

[11]  Sanja Dimter,et al.  Compressive strenght of steel slag stabilized mixes , 2012 .

[12]  G. Dave,et al.  A review of metal (Pb and Zn) sensitive and pH tolerant bioassay organisms for risk screening of metal-contaminated acidic soils. , 2013, Environmental pollution.

[13]  B Gerharz.  Pavements on the base of polymer-modified drainage concrete , 1999 .

[14]  J. Aumonier,et al.  Buffering of alkaline steel slag leachate across a natural wetland. , 2006, Environmental science & technology.

[15]  Mohammed K. Ibrahim,et al.  Comparison of properties of steel slag and crushed limestone aggregate concretes , 2003 .

[16]  Štefica Cerjan-Stefanović,et al.  RADIONUCLIDES IN METALLURGICAL PRODUCTS AND WASTE , 2004 .

[17]  Ivanka Netinger,et al.  Utilisation of steel slag as an aggregate in concrete , 2011 .

[18]  Ivanka Netinger,et al.  Improvement of Post-fire Properties of Concrete with Steel Slag Aggregate☆ , 2013 .

[19]  Z. Shui,et al.  Mechanical properties of cement-treated aggregate material – A review , 2012 .

[20]  Peter Schaumann,et al.  Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of concrete at high temperatures: Experimental investigations , 2013 .

[21]  O. Arioz.  Effects of elevated temperatures on properties of concrete , 2007 .

[22]  Janet M. Lees,et al.  Application of Digital Image Correlation to Reinforced Concrete Fracture , 2014 .

[23]  Daman K. Panesar,et al.  Elastic properties of self consolidating concrete , 2011 .

[24]  Bradley J. Putman,et al.  Comparison of test specimen preparation techniques for pervious concrete pavements , 2011 .

[25]  J. L. Clarke,et al.  Structural lightweight aggregate concrete , 1993 .

[26]  Sanja Dimter,et al.  Strength properties of steel slag stabilized mixes , 2014 .

[27]  Qingbin Li,et al.  Prediction of elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio for unsaturated concrete , 2007 .

[28]  K. Sideris,et al.  Influence of elevated temperatures on the mechanical properties of blended cement concretes prepared with limestone and siliceous aggregates , 2005 .

[29]  G. Ballivy,et al.  Contribution to the formation mechanism of the transition zone between rock-cement paste , 1993 .

[30]  T. Sugiyama,et al.  Analysis of the effect of heating and re-curing on the microstructure of high-strength concrete using X-ray CT , 2014 .

[31]  I. Barišić.  Influence of steel slag stabilized mixtures on pavement stress-strain characteristics , 2015 .

[32]  M. Pérez-Patricio,et al.  Sensitive layer based on Lophine and calcium hydroxide for detection of dissolved oxygen in water , 2015 .

[33]  Wei Sun,et al.  The influence of mineral admixtures on resistance to corrosion of steel bars in green high-performance concrete , 2004 .

[34]  I. Barišić,et al.  Multidisciplinary approach to the environmental impact of steel slag reused in road construction , 2017 .

[35]  H. A. van der Sloot,et al.  Study on methodological aspects regarding limit values for pollutants in aggregates in the context of the possible development of end-of-waste criteria under the EU Waste Framework Directive , 2014 .

[36]  Antonio Aguado,et al.  Fatigue behavior of polymer-modified porous concretes , 1999 .

[37]  Tayfun Uygunoğlu,et al.  Thermal expansion of self-consolidating normal and lightweight aggregate concrete at elevated temperature , 2009 .

[38]  M. Parsons,et al.  Characteristics and environmental aspects of slag: A review , 2015 .

[39]  L. Wendling,et al.  Geochemical and ecotoxicological assessment of iron‐ and steel‐making slags for potential use in environmental applications , 2013, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[40]  Ivanka Netinger,et al.  Influence of aggregate type and size on properties of pervious concrete , 2015 .

[41]  Branimir Babić,et al.  Relationships between mechanical properties of cement stabilized materials , 1987 .

[42]  Miren Etxeberria,et al.  Properties of concrete using metallurgical industrial by-products as aggregates , 2010 .