Distributed algorithm for economic dispatch based on gradient descent and consensus in power grid

This study aims to propose, a distributed optimization algorithm to solve the economic dispatch problem encountered in power grids with the ultimate objective of minimizing the total generation cost. The proposed approach is based on the gradient descent method and the consensus protocol. No central unit was required to broadcast the global information to each bus, and only local information was exchanged between the neighboring buses to balance power supply and demand. Theoretical analysis revealed that the proposed algorithm can converge to the optimal solution of the primal problem by selecting the appropriate step size and initial values. Simulation studies on the IEEE 9-bus system were conducted to show the validity of the proposed algorithm.

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