THE DEVELOPMENT OF BILINGUALISM AND BILITERACY FROM GRADE 3 TO 5: A SUMMARY OF FINDINGS FROM THE CAL/CREDE STUDY OF TWO-WAY IMMERSION EDUCATION

This report presents the findings of the first two-way immersion (TWI) study to look at the language and literacy development of both native Spanish speakers and native English speakers, over time, in a multidimensional way, and from a national perspective. The results discussed here offer important insights into key issues such as levels of language and literacy attainment in the upper elementary grades, growth in language and literacy ability in two languages over time, and the nature of the relationship between language and literacy growth in a child’s first and second languages. Developing a better understanding of all these issues is central to the continued success of two-way immersion programs.

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