Knowledge Sharing Willingness and Leakage Risk: An Evolutional Game Model

Prior research of knowledge sharing between firms mainly focuses on enabling factors, such as benefits resulting from knowledge sharing, leading to an overlook at barriers. Guided by transaction cost economics and social exchange theory, our study constructed an evolutional game model to analyse the dynamic evolution process of the firm’s knowledge sharing behaviour in a setting of supply chain networks. Using a simulation in our game model, we firstly reveal how a long-term strategy for supply chain partners towards knowledge sharing is determined through reaching an equilibrium between enabling factors (revenue gained in various forms) and impeding factors (knowledge leakage) in a dynamic process. Secondly, our analysis demonstrates that the competition or rivalry side of the “co-opetition” relationship acts as the major barrier for knowledge sharing due to the sharer’s concern of knowledge leakage. Thirdly, our model has identified knowledge relevancy as the inherent property of knowledge and the firm’ ability of knowledge inference as two important factors influencing knowledge leakage.

[1]  J. Martins Relational capabilities to leverage new knowledge: Managing directors’ perceptions in UK and Portugal old industrial regions , 2016 .

[2]  Kim Hua Tan,et al.  Information and Knowledge Leakage in Supply Chain , 2016, Inf. Syst. Frontiers.

[3]  Pankaj C. Patel,et al.  The dark side of knowledge transfer: Exploring knowledge leakage in joint R&D projects , 2015 .

[4]  Chih-Hsing Liu Network position and cooperation partners selection strategies for research productivity , 2015 .

[5]  Guo Chen,et al.  Game analysis of the knowledge sharing mechanism for the supply chain collaborative innovation , 2015 .

[6]  Gülçin Büyüközkan,et al.  Modeling collaboration formation with a game theory approach , 2015, Expert Syst. Appl..

[7]  Petter Gottschalk,et al.  Stages-of-Growth in Outsourcing, Offshoring and Backsourcing: Back to the Future? , 2015, J. Comput. Inf. Syst..

[8]  P. Ritala,et al.  Knowledge sharing, knowledge leaking and relative innovation performance: An empirical study , 2015 .

[9]  Carlo Bagnoli,et al.  Aligning knowledge strategy and competitive strategy in small firms , 2014 .

[10]  D. Ferrin,et al.  Interpersonal trust within negotiations: : Meta-analytic evidence, critical contingencies, and directions for future research. , 2014 .

[11]  Fatemeh Nooshinfard,et al.  Success factors of inter-organizational knowledge sharing: a proposed framework , 2014, Electron. Libr..

[12]  David C. Yen,et al.  How to facilitate inter-organizational knowledge sharing: The impact of trust , 2014, Inf. Manag..

[13]  Rachelle Bosua,et al.  Protecting organizational competitive advantage: A knowledge leakage perspective , 2014, Comput. Secur..

[14]  Deborah F. Minehart,et al.  Optimal Technology Sharing Strategies in Dynamic Games of R&D , 2014 .

[15]  Ping-Chuan Chen,et al.  Gaining or losing? The social capital perspective on supply chain members’ knowledge sharing of green practices , 2014, Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag..

[16]  Florian Noseleit,et al.  Complementarities of internal R&D and alliances with different partner types , 2013 .

[17]  Jao-Hong Cheng,et al.  Inter-organizational relationships and knowledge sharing through the relationship and institutional orientations in supply chains , 2013, Int. J. Inf. Manag..

[18]  M. Goh,et al.  Knowledge sharing in collaborative supply chains: twin effects of trust and power , 2013 .

[19]  John S. Edwards,et al.  Supply Chain Knowledge Management: A Literature Review , 2012, Expert Syst. Appl..

[20]  Fenio Annansingh,et al.  Exploring the Risks of Knowledge Leakage: An Information Systems Case Study Approach , 2012 .

[21]  Vincent S. Lai,et al.  Willingness to share information in a supply chain: A partnership-data-process perspective , 2012, Inf. Manag..

[22]  Zhiwei Zhu,et al.  Knowledge sharing - A key role in the downstream supply chain , 2012, Inf. Manag..

[23]  Model for knowledge-sharing strategies: a game theory analysis , 2011 .

[24]  Hongtao Li,et al.  Modeling and evaluating information leakage caused by inferences in supply chains , 2011, Comput. Ind..

[25]  Albena Antonova,et al.  How to Extend the ICT Used at Organizations for Transferring and Sharing Knowledge , 2011 .

[26]  Abby Ghobadian,et al.  Knowledge Transfer: The Facilitating Attributes in Supply-Chain Partnerships , 2011, Inf. Syst. Manag..

[27]  J. Hofbauer,et al.  Evolutionary game dynamics , 2011 .

[28]  D. Audretsch,et al.  Knowledge spillovers and strategic entrepreneurship , 2010 .

[29]  P. Ritala,et al.  What's in it for me? Creating and appropriating value in innovation-related coopetition , 2009 .

[30]  R. Handfield,et al.  Knowledge Sharing in Interorganizational Product Development Teams: The Effect of Formal and Informal Socialization Mechanisms* , 2009 .

[31]  Manu Goyal,et al.  Strategic Information Management Under Leakage in a Supply Chain , 2009, Manag. Sci..

[32]  W. S. Chow,et al.  Social network, social trust and shared goals in organizational knowledge sharing , 2008, Inf. Manag..

[33]  C. Yeh,et al.  Trust and knowledge sharing in green supply chains , 2008 .

[34]  Marjorie A. Lyles,et al.  Inter-Organizational Knowledge Transfer: Current Themes and Future Prospects , 2008 .

[35]  Jiju Antony,et al.  A conceptual case-based model for knowledge sharing among supply chain members , 2008, Bus. Process. Manag. J..

[36]  O. Williamson OUTSOURCING: TRANSACTION COST ECONOMICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT† , 2008 .

[37]  Yuan Li,et al.  Transformational offshore outsourcing: Empirical evidence from alliances in China , 2008 .

[38]  Chung-Han Lu,et al.  A holistic knowledge sharing framework in high-tech firms: game and co-opetition perspectives , 2006, Int. J. Technol. Manag..

[39]  Bhanu S. Ragu-Nathan,et al.  The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive advantage and organizational performance , 2006 .

[40]  Atreyi Kankanhalli,et al.  Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories: An Empirical Investigation , 2005, MIS Q..

[41]  Andrew C. Inkpen,et al.  Social Capital, Networks, and Knowledge Transfer , 2005 .

[42]  Hau L. Lee The triple-A supply chain. , 2004, Harvard business review.

[43]  Toni M. Somers,et al.  Impact of Environmental Uncertainty and Task Characteristics on User Satisfaction with Data , 2004, Inf. Syst. Res..

[44]  Jeffrey H. Dyer,et al.  Using Supplier Networks to Learn Faster , 2004 .

[45]  Jeffrey Cummings,et al.  Transferring R&D Knowledge : the Key Factors Affecting Knowledge Transfer Success , 2003 .

[46]  Jeffrey Cummings Knowledge sharing: a review of the literature , 2003 .

[47]  Patrick T. Harker,et al.  Competition and Outsourcing with Scale Economies , 2002, Manag. Sci..

[48]  Chinho Lin,et al.  A Knowledge Management Architecture in Collaborative Supply Chain , 2002, J. Comput. Inf. Syst..

[49]  K. M. Bartol,et al.  Encouraging Knowledge Sharing: The Role of Organizational Reward Systems , 2002 .

[50]  Robert E. Spekman,et al.  Supply Chain Competency: Learning as a Key Component , 2002 .

[51]  Stuart Hannabuss,et al.  Common Knowledge: How Companies Thrive by Sharing What They Know , 2001 .

[52]  M. Christopher,et al.  An Integrated Model for the Design of Agile Supply Chains. , 2001 .

[53]  Svetan Ratchev,et al.  Inter- and Intra-Organisational Barriers to Sharing Knowledge in the Extended Supply-Chain , 2000 .

[54]  John K. Butler Trust Expectations, Information Sharing, Climate of Trust, and Negotiation Effectiveness and Efficiency , 1999 .

[55]  J. B. Quinn,et al.  STRATEGIC OUTSOURCING: LEVERAGING KNOWLEDGE CAPABILITIES , 1999 .

[56]  R. M. Hall,et al.  Analysing intangible resources and managing knowledge in a supply chain context , 1998 .

[57]  L. Bengtsson,et al.  The Interorganizational Learning Dilemma: Collective Knowledge Development in Strategic Alliances , 1998 .

[58]  R. Grant Toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm,” Strategic Management Journal (17), pp. , 1996 .

[59]  John K. Butler,et al.  Behaviors, Trust, and Goal Achievement in a Win-Win Negotiating Role Play , 1995 .

[60]  S. Hunt,et al.  The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing , 1994 .

[61]  B. Kogut,et al.  Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology , 1992 .

[62]  J. Barney Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage , 1991 .

[63]  O. Williamson Transaction-Cost Economics: The Governance of Contractual Relations , 1979, The Journal of Law and Economics.

[64]  P. Taylor,et al.  Evolutionarily Stable Strategies and Game Dynamics , 1978 .