In-Context Annotations for Refinding and Sharing

Annotations support understanding, interpretation, sensemaking and scannability. As valuable as in paper-based contexts, digital online annotations provide several benefits for annotators and collaborators. To further explore the real benefits of online annotations, we implemented a simple Web Annotation tool, SpreadCrumbs, to support our studies. The tool provides a simple annotation mechanism, simulating real-world paper-based annotations. In addition, the tool supports search, sharing capabilities and social navigation. We conducted a series of user studies that empirically demonstrates the benefits of “in-context” annotations for refinding and sharing.

[1]  Stefano Levialdi,et al.  MADCOW: a multimedia digital annotation system , 2004, AVI.

[2]  Fabio Vitali,et al.  Hypermedia on the Web: what will it take? , 1999, CSUR.

[3]  Niels Olof Bouvin.  Unifying strategies for Web augmentation , 1999, HYPERTEXT '99.

[4]  Stefano Levialdi,et al.  MADCOW: a visual interface for annotating web pages , 2006, AVI '06.

[5]  Shaomin Wang.  Annotation persistence over dynamic documents , 2005 .

[6]  John J. Leggett,et al.  Seven Issues, Revisited , 2002, HYPERTEXT '02.

[7]  Catherine C. Marshall,et al.  Toward an ecology of hypertext annotation , 1998, HYPERTEXT '98.

[8]  Peter Brusilovsky,et al.  AnnotatEd: A social navigation and annotation service for web-based educational resources , 2006, New Rev. Hypermedia Multim..

[9]  Catherine C. Marshall,et al.  Annotation: from paper books to the digital library , 1997, DL '97.

[10]  W. John MacMullen.  Annotation as Process, Thing, and Knowledge: Multi-domain studies of structured data annotation , 2005 .

[11]  Peter Brusilovsky,et al.  Adaptive Hypermedia , 2001, User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction.

[12]  Gary Marchionini,et al.  Annotating the Web: An exploratory study of Web users' needs for personal annotation tools , 2005, ASIST.

[13]  Kenton O'Hara,et al.  A comparison of reading paper and on-line documents , 1997, CHI.

[14]  Jimmy J. Lin,et al.  Sticky notes for the semantic web , 2003, IUI '03.

[15]  David E. Millard,et al.  Web 2.0: hypertext by any other name? , 2006, HYPERTEXT '06.

[16]  Peter Brusilovsky,et al.  Social Navigation Support Through Annotation-Based Group Modeling , 2005, User Modeling.

[17]  Andy Cockburn,et al.  What do web users do? An empirical analysis of web use , 2001, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[18]  Wolfgang Nejdl,et al.  The impact of bookmarks and annotations on refinding information , 2010, HT '10.

[19]  James E. Pitkow,et al.  Emerging trends in the WWW user population , 1996, CACM.

[20]  Wolfgang Nejdl,et al.  Annotations and Hypertrails with Spreadcrumbs - An Easy Way to Annotate, Refind and Share , 2010, WEBIST.

[21]  Wolfgang Nejdl,et al.  A Straightforward Approach for Online Annotations: SpreadCrumbs - Enhancing and Simplifying Online Collaboration , 2009, WEBIST.

[22]  Mark Claypool,et al.  Implicit interest indicators , 2001, IUI '01.

[23]  Wolfgang Nejdl,et al.  A Comparison of Paper-Based and Online Annotations in the Workplace , 2009, EC-TEL.

[24]  Ulrike Cress,et al.  Learning in the Synergy of Multiple Disciplines, 4th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2009, Nice, France, September 29 - October 2, 2009, Proceedings , 2009, EC-TEL.