A morphing machining strategy for artificial bone

In this work, a novel morphing machining strategy (MMS) is proposed. In the method, the workpiece is progressively carved out from the stock. Pitfalls in conventional iso-height strategy, such as sharp edges and unevenly distributed left-over materials, are overcome. Moreover, to calculate different levels in the MMS, an energy-based morphing algorithm is proposed. Finally, the proposed strategy is employed in the machining of artificial bone represented by a T-spline surface. The excellent properties of T-spline, such as expressing complex shapes with a single surface, have been well adopted to artificial bone fabrication. Computer simulation and the actual machining of the middle finger bone show the feasibility of the proposed strategy.

[1]  Min-Yang Yang,et al.  Incomplete mesh-based tool path generation for optimum zigzag milling , 2008 .

[2]  Zhiwei Lin,et al.  A robust 2D point-sequence curve offset algorithm with multiple islands for contour-parallel tool path , 2013, Comput. Aided Des..

[3]  Jianfeng Sun,et al.  Development of porous medical implant scaffolds via laser additive manufacturing , 2012 .

[4]  Yonghua Chen,et al.  Tool-path planning for rough machining of a cavity by layer-shape analysis , 1998 .

[5]  John A. Evans,et al.  Isogeometric analysis using T-splines , 2010 .

[6]  Jiansong Deng,et al.  Polynomial splines over hierarchical T-meshes , 2008, Graph. Model..

[7]  Yuri Bazilevs,et al.  Rotation free isogeometric thin shell analysis using PHT-splines , 2011 .

[8]  Thomas W. Sederberg,et al.  Free-form deformation of solid geometric models , 1986, SIGGRAPH.

[9]  Jianrong Tan,et al.  Collisionless tool orientation smoothing above blade stream surface using NURBS envelope , 2013 .

[10]  Jianmin Zheng,et al.  T-splines in VRML , 2011, VRCAI '11.

[11]  Yang Zhang,et al.  Fabrication of Repairing Skull Bone Defects Based on the Rapid Prototyping , 2009 .

[12]  Xunnian Yang,et al.  Free-form deformation with weighted T-spline , 2005, The Visual Computer.

[13]  Weiming Dong,et al.  Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and Its Applications in Industry , 2011, VRCAI 2011.

[14]  Hyun-Chul Kim,et al.  Tool path generation for contour parallel milling with incomplete mesh model , 2010 .

[15]  Ruxu Du,et al.  A new sheet metal forming system based on the incremental punching, part 1: modeling and simulation , 2010 .

[16]  Partha Pratim Dey,et al.  Tool path generation for algebraically parameterized surface , 2015, J. Intell. Manuf..

[17]  J. Giannatsis,et al.  Additive fabrication technologies applied to medicine and health care: a review , 2009 .

[18]  Jiankang He,et al.  Custom fabrication of a composite hemi‐knee joint based on rapid prototyping , 2006 .

[19]  Yong Hu,et al.  Implementation of a Robot System for Sculptured Surface Cutting. Part 1. Rough Machining , 1999 .

[20]  S. H. Chuang,et al.  Multipatched B-Spline Surfaces and Automatic Rough Cut Path Generation , 2000 .

[21]  Krishnan Suresh,et al.  Constant Scallop-height Machining of Free-form Surfaces , 1994 .

[22]  Stephen P. Boyd,et al.  Graph Implementations for Nonsmooth Convex Programs , 2008, Recent Advances in Learning and Control.

[23]  Dalberto Dias da Costa,et al.  Comparison of cranioplasty implants produced by machining and by casting in a gypsum mold , 2012 .

[24]  Demetri Terzopoulos,et al.  Constraints on Deformable Models: Recovering 3D Shape and Nonrigid Motion , 1988, Artif. Intell..

[25]  Yong-qiang Yang,et al.  An investigation into direct fabrication of fine-structured components by selective laser melting , 2013 .

[26]  T. Hughes,et al.  Converting an unstructured quadrilateral mesh to a standard T-spline surface , 2011 .

[27]  Ning Dai,et al.  Dental restoration contour-parallel offset tool path links based on graph model , 2013 .

[28]  Jianmin Zheng,et al.  Approximate R3-spline surface skinning , 2012, Comput. Aided Des..

[29]  Ping Hu,et al.  A new surface parameterization method based on one-step inverse forming for isogeometric analysis-suited geometry , 2013 .

[30]  Frank Weichert,et al.  Integrated construction and simulation of tool paths for milling dental crowns and bridges , 2013, Comput. Aided Des..

[31]  H. Nguyen-Xuan,et al.  Isogeometric analysis using polynomial splines over hierarchical T-meshes for two-dimensional elastic solids , 2011 .

[32]  Qin Lian,et al.  Computer modeling approach for a novel internal architecture of artificial bone , 2006, Comput. Aided Des..

[33]  K. Popat,et al.  Bone tissue engineering: A review in bone biomimetics and drug delivery strategies , 2009, Biotechnology progress.

[34]  Bert Lauwers,et al.  Five-axis Rough Milling Strategies for Complex Shaped Cavities based on Morphing Technology , 2006 .

[35]  Olga Sorkine-Hornung,et al.  On Linear Variational Surface Deformation Methods , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[36]  P. Moore,et al.  A Survey of Computer-Based Deformable Models , 2007, International Machine Vision and Image Processing Conference (IMVIP 2007).

[37]  Xiang Zhu,et al.  Modifying the shape of NURBS surfaces with geometric constraints , 2001, Comput. Aided Des..

[38]  Ahmad H. Nasri,et al.  T-splines and T-NURCCs , 2003, ACM Trans. Graph..

[39]  Bert Jüttler,et al.  3D shape metamorphosis based on T-spline level sets , 2007, The Visual Computer.

[40]  Stephen P. Boyd,et al.  Recent Advances in Learning and Control , 2008, Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences.

[41]  Nicholas S. North,et al.  T-spline simplification and local refinement , 2004, SIGGRAPH 2004.