Active Learning: A New Assessment Model that Boost Confidence and Learning While Reducing Test Anxiety

Tests are a source of anxiety and have proved to impact the grades among students. In addition, students do not have the time to prepare for their exams. The ultimate goal of the instructor is to create and offer an environment that reduces the examination stress while maximizes learning in the little time available to the students. The demand on students’ available time is a major challenge. Although active learning has been utilized to increase student engagement and ultimately increase learning, it has never been used to reduce the test anxiety, increase learning in relation to available-studenttime or attempt to increase learning with respect to available student time. Student time has been recognized as the most precious resource in learning. This paper proposes a mechanism of active learning, when employed can create an environment for less stressful exam taking while boosting and amplifying learning in a limited amount of time. Various pedagogical and psychological theories have been explored to develop this methodology that has been employed in three different semesters. The results have shown that students prefer this less stressful mechanism of testing and improved learning and students have commented that they felt they were on top of the materials being covered in class throughout the year and felt prepared for the final with little or no preparation for the final exam. In addition, students felt reduced stress during the test taking.

[1]  J. Penner Why many college teachers cannot lecture: How to avoid communication breakdown in the classroom , 1984 .

[2]  Masami Takahashi,et al.  Test Anxiety and Academic Performance in Undergraduate and Graduate Students. , 2005 .

[3]  M. Zeidner,et al.  Test Anxiety: The State of the Art , 1998 .

[4]  G. W. Hill Group versus individual performance: are n + 1 heads better than one?" psychological bulletin , 1982 .

[5]  Ernest T. Pascarella,et al.  Studying College Students in the 21st Century: Meeting New Challenges , 1997, The Review of Higher Education.

[6]  R. H. Waters,et al.  The role of repetition in learning. , 1959, American Journal of Psychology.

[7]  C. Bonwell,et al.  Active Learning: Creating Excitement in the Classroom. ERIC Digest. , 1991 .

[8]  S. Paul Students with disabilities in higher education: a review of the literature , 2000 .

[9]  Jerrell C. Cassady,et al.  Cognitive Test Anxiety and Academic Performance , 2002 .

[10]  Richard E. Mayer,et al.  Quantitative and qualitative effects of repetition on learning from technical text. , 1986 .

[11]  Douglas A. Bernstein,et al.  Teaching Psychology: A Step By Step Guide , 2004 .

[12]  F. Marton,et al.  ON QUALITATIVE DIFFERENCES IN LEARNING: I—OUTCOME AND PROCESS* , 1976 .

[13]  Phillip C. Wankat The effective, efficient professor , 2001 .

[14]  Carole A. Ames Classrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation. , 1992 .

[15]  Richard E. Mayer,et al.  Can you repeat that? Qualitative effects of repetition and advance organizers on learning from science prose. , 1983 .

[16]  J. Tagg,et al.  From Teaching to Learning — A New Paradigm For Undergraduate Education , 1995 .

[17]  C. Bonwell,et al.  Active learning : creating excitement in the classroom , 1991 .

[18]  N. Entwistle,et al.  Contrasting forms of understanding for degree examinations: the student experience and its implications , 1991 .

[19]  Robert J. Sternberg,et al.  Practical intelligence : nature and origins of competence in the everyday world , 1986 .

[20]  Steven D. Brown,et al.  Relation of self-efficacy beliefs to academic outcomes: A meta-analytic investigation. , 1991 .

[21]  L. Earl,et al.  Assessment as Learning: Using Classroom Assessment to Maximize Student Learning , 2003 .

[22]  A. Chickering,et al.  Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate Education , 1987, CORE.

[23]  R. Felder,et al.  Learning and Teaching Styles in Engineering Education. , 1988 .

[24]  Frank M. Pajares,et al.  Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Academic Settings , 1996 .

[25]  R. Hembree Correlates, Causes, Effects, and Treatment of Test Anxiety , 1988 .

[26]  Yousef Amer,et al.  Leading Change: Applying Change Management Approaches to Engage Students in Blended Learning. , 2012 .