Mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) device capable of realizing picometer grade continuous change with screw pitch differences

The invention discloses a mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) device capable of realizing picometer grade continuous accuracy change of a distance between electrodes with screw pitch differences and a method. The invention belongs to a novel MCBJ device which can be applied to the field of molecule electronics and the field of sensors. The distance between the two electrodes can be controlled at the picometer grade accuracy through actions of slight screw pitch differences among different screw pitches of a coaxial screw rod on a nanometer splitting device chip, so that construction of a single-molecule junction is realized; research of the characteristics of the single-molecule junction is realized; and valuable reference is provided for research of single-molecule devices.