Arbitrary waveform generation by a 4-bit photonic digital-to-analog converter with 3.49 effective number of bits

A serial photonic digital-to-analog converter (PDAC) is proposed and demonstrated. The established 4-bit PDAC has a good linearity and the effective number of bits reaches 3.49. Based on the PDAC, the generation of cosine, triangular, sawtooth, parabolic and square waveforms is implemented with good performance.