Improving Lifestyles, Tackling Obesity: The Health and Economic Impact of Prevention Strategies

Overweight and obesity rates have been increasing relentlessly over recent decades in all industrialised countries, as well as in many lower income countries. OECD analyses of trends over time support the grim picture drawn in the international literature and so do projections of overweight and obesity rates over the next ten years. The circumstances in which people have been leading their lives over the past 20-30 years, including physical, social and economic environments, have exerted powerful influences on their overall calorie intake, on the composition of their diets and on the frequency and intensity of physical activity at work, at home and during leisure time. Many countries have been concerned not only about the pace of the increase in overweight and obesity, but also about inequalities in their distribution across social groups, particularly by socio-economic status and by ethnic background. Les taux de surpoids et d’obesite ne cessent d’augmenter depuis plusieurs decennies dans tous les pays industrialises, ainsi que dans beaucoup de pays ayant un revenu plus faible. Les analyses consacrees par l’OCDE aux tendances structurelles confirment le sombre tableau qui a ete brosse dans les publications internationales, tout comme le font les previsions etablies sur les taux de surpoids et d’obesite pour les dix prochaines annees. Les conditions dans lesquelles vivent les individus depuis vingt ou trente ans, notamment sur le plan materiel, social et economique, ont tres fortement influe sur leur ration calorique globale, la composition de leur alimentation, ainsi que la frequence et l’intensite de leur activite physique au travail, a la maison et pendant les loisirs. Beaucoup de pays sont preoccupes non seulement par le rythme auquel progressent le surpoids et l’obesite, mais aussi par le caractere inegal de leur repartition entre les categories sociales, en particulier selon la situation socioeconomique et l’origine ethnique.

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