Direct Repair of the Pars Interarticularis in the Child and Adolescent

Summary: This report focuses on spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis as they affect children and adolescents. After discussing the clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches and various options available for the conservative management of these conditions, this review will define the indications for operative intervention and describe several surgical procedures in more detail including the different techniques that allow for the direct repair of spondylolytic defects.

[1]  A. Ghanayem,et al.  Spondylolisthesis and spondylolysis. , 2008, Instructional course lectures.

[2]  M. Herman,et al.  Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in children and adolescents: I. Diagnosis, natural history, and nonsurgical management. , 2006, The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

[3]  M. Herman,et al.  Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis in Children and Adolescents: II. Surgical Management , 2006, The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

[4]  M. Herman,et al.  Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in the child and adolescent: a new classification. , 2005, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[5]  F. Hefti,et al.  Repair of lumbar spondylolysis with a hook-screw , 2004, International Orthopaedics.

[6]  E. Morscher,et al.  Surgical treatment of spondylolisthesis by bone grafting and direct stabilization of spondylolysis by means of a hook screw , 2004, Archives of orthopaedic and traumatic surgery.

[7]  L. Lenke,et al.  Evaluation and surgical treatment of high-grade isthmic dysplastic spondylolisthesis. , 2003, Instructional course lectures.

[8]  D. Zurakowski,et al.  Spondylolysis: returning the athlete to sports participation with brace treatment. , 2002, Orthopedics.

[9]  J. Sýs,et al.  Nonoperative treatment of active spondylolysis in elite athletes with normal X-ray findings: literature review and results of conservative treatment , 2001, European Spine Journal.

[10]  J. Conway,et al.  Quantitative assessment with SPECT imaging of stress injuries of the pars interarticularis and response to bracing. , 2000, Journal of pediatric orthopedics.

[11]  R. Rovin,et al.  Repair of the Pars Interarticularis Defect With a Cable‐Screw Construct: A Preliminary Report , 1998, Spine.

[12]  Garry T. Allison,et al.  Evaluation of Specific Stabilizing Exercise in the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain With Radiologic Diagnosis of Spondylolysis or Spondylolisthesis , 1997, Spine.

[13]  A. Saifuddin,et al.  The value of lumbar spine MRI in the assessment of the pars interarticularis. , 1997, Clinical radiology.

[14]  M. Kakiuchi.  Repair of the Defect in Spondylolysis. Durable Fixation with Pedicle Screws and Laminar Hooks* , 1997, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[15]  F. Kummer,et al.  An Anatomic Evaluation of L5 Nerve Stretch in Spondylolisthesis Reduction , 1996, Spine.

[16]  Matthew J. Crawford,et al.  Biomechanical Testing of Pars Defect Repairs , 1994, Spine.

[17]  M. Lew,et al.  Defects of pars interarticularis in athletes: a protocol for nonoperative treatment. , 1993, Journal of spinal disorders.

[18]  R. Betz,et al.  Results of in situ fusion for isthmic spondylolisthesis. , 1992, Journal of spinal disorders.

[19]  A. Thompson,et al.  The Scott wiring technique for direct repair of lumbar spondylolysis. , 1992, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume.

[20]  J. Kostuik,et al.  Repair of Pars Interarticularis Defect: The Prognostic Value of Pars Infiltration , 1991, Spine.

[21]  A. Nordwall,et al.  Midterm Follow‐Up of Young Patients Fused in Situ for Spondylolisthesis , 1991, Spine.

[22]  A. Nachemson,et al.  Natural History of Symptomatic Isthmic Low‐Grade Spondylolisthesis in Children and Adolescents: A Seven‐Year Follow‐up Study , 1991, Journal of pediatric orthopedics.

[23]  J. Roca,et al.  Direct repair of spondylolysis. , 1989, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[24]  P. Pizzutillo,et al.  Nonoperative Treatment for Painful Adolescent Spondylolysis or Spondylolisthesis , 1989, Journal of pediatric orthopedics.

[25]  M. Ehrlich,et al.  Brace treatment for symptomatic spondylolisthesis. , 1988, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[26]  R. Hagen,et al.  Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Treatment by internal fixation and bone-grafting of the defect. , 1988, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[27]  S. Weinstein,et al.  Long-term follow-up of patients with grade-III and IV spondylolisthesis. Treatment with and without posterior fusion. , 1987, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[28]  R. Nicol,et al.  Lytic Spondylolysis: Repair by Wiring , 1986, Spine.

[29]  M. Letts,et al.  Fracture of the Pars Interarticularis in Adolescent Athletes: A Clinical‐Biomechanical Analysis , 1986, Journal of pediatric orthopedics.

[30]  L. Micheli,et al.  Treatment of Symptomatic Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis with the Modified Boston Brace , 1985, Spine.

[31]  D. Bradford,et al.  Repair of the Defect in Spondylolysis or Minimal Degrees of Spondylolisthesis by Segmental Wire Fixation and Bone Grafting , 1985, Spine.

[32]  J. Lubicky,et al.  The natural history of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. , 1984, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[33]  P. Pizzutillo,et al.  Family Study of Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis , 1982, Journal of pediatric orthopedics.

[34]  J. O'Brien,et al.  Progression of lumbosacral spondylolisthesis. , 1981, Australasian radiology.

[35]  Troup Jd,et al.  The etiology of spondylolysis. , 1977 .

[36]  I. Macnab,et al.  Classification of Spondyloisis and Spondylolisthesis , 1976 .

[37]  I. Macnab,et al.  Classification of spondylolisis and spondylolisthesis. , 1976, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[38]  W. Taillard.  [Etiology of spondylolisthesis]. , 1971, Revue de chirurgie orthopedique et reparatrice de l'appareil moteur.

[39]  J. Buck.  Direct repair of the defect in spondylolisthesis. Preliminary report. , 1970, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume.

[40]  P. Newman.  A CLINICAL SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH SEVERE LUMBO-SACRAL SUBLUXATION. , 1965, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume.

[41]  W. Taillard.  [Etiology of spondylolysis]. , 1963, Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift.

[42]  Wiltse Ll.  The etiology of spondylolisthesis. , 1962 .