Prediction Capabilities of Boolean and Stack Filters for Lossless Image Compression

This paper proposes optimal Boolean, stack, and FIR-Boolean hybrid filters for realizing the prediction stage in lossless grey-level image compression. New optimal design procedures for Boolean filters are introduced, where the optimality criterion is the Error Entropy (EE). The use of the EE-optimal and MAE-optimal Boolean and stack filters in the sequential prediction structure is considered, under different instances: global-optimal, block-optimal, adaptive-size-block-optimal and multiresolution. An extensive simulation study is carried out for analyzing and comparing the performances of the newly introduced predictors and various other sequential predictors. The EE-optimal Boolean predictors prove to be the most efficient predictors. More refined filtering structures, such as block-optimal or adaptive-size-block-optimal are suitable for the prediction task when the prediction mask ought to be small. The proposed progressive transmission structure based on optimal Boolean prediction is shown to outperform HINT HINT progressive lossless coding scheme.

[1]  J. H. Peters,et al.  Reversible intraframe compression of medical images. , 1988, IEEE transactions on medical imaging.

[2]  Seho Oh,et al.  Lossless compression of medical images by prediction and classification , 1994 .

[3]  N. Gallagher,et al.  An overview of median and stack filtering , 1992 .

[4]  E.E. Pissaloux,et al.  Image Processing , 1994, Proceedings. Second Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Processing.

[5]  Moncef Gabbouj,et al.  Minimum Mean Absolute Error Stack Filtering with Structural Constraints and Goals , 1990 .

[6]  Edward J. Coyle,et al.  Stack filters and the mean absolute error criterion , 1988, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process..

[7]  Nasir D. Memon,et al.  Context-based, adaptive, lossless image coding , 1997, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[8]  Edward J. Coyle,et al.  Stack filters , 1986, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process..

[9]  Pao-Ta Yu,et al.  Convergence behavior and root signal sets of stack filters , 1992 .

[10]  Khalid Sayood,et al.  Lossless image compression: a comparative study , 1995, Electronic Imaging.

[11]  Yeong-Taeg Kim,et al.  Fast algorithms for training stack filters , 1994, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[12]  Markku Renfors,et al.  Nonlinear quincunx interpolation filtering , 1990, Other Conferences.

[13]  Allen Gersho,et al.  Image compression with variable block size segmentation , 1992, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[14]  William A. Pearlman,et al.  An image multiresolution representation for lossless and lossy compression , 1996, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[15]  Moncef Gabbouj,et al.  Training based optimal stack filter design under structural constraints , 1996, Proceedings of 3rd IEEE International Conference on Image Processing.

[16]  Tenkasi V. Ramabadran,et al.  The use of contextual information in the reversible compression of medical images , 1992, IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging.

[17]  Moncef Gabbouj,et al.  Locally adaptive techniques for stack filtering , 1996, 1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996).

[18]  Moncef Gabbouj,et al.  A training framework for stack and Boolean filtering-fast optimal design procedures and robustness case study , 1996, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[19]  Moncef Gabbouj,et al.  Edge Detection Based on Optimal Stack Filtering under Given Noise Distribution , 1995 .

[20]  Bing Zeng,et al.  FIR stack hybrid filters , 1991, 1991., IEEE International Sympoisum on Circuits and Systems.

[21]  Nasir D. Memon,et al.  CALIC-a context based adaptive lossless image codec , 1996, 1996 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings.

[22]  S. A. Martucci,et al.  Reversible compression of HDTV images using median adaptive prediction and arithmetic coding , 1990, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[23]  Loan Tabu.  Training and model based approaches for optimal stack and boolean filtering with applications in image processing , 1995, Signal Process..

[24]  P. W. Jones,et al.  Digital Image Compression Techniques , 1991 .

[25]  T. Sellke,et al.  Adaptive stack filtering under the mean absolute error criterion , 1990 .

[26]  Khalid Sayood,et al.  Asymmetric lossless image compression , 1995, Proceedings DCC '95 Data Compression Conference.

[27]  William K. Pratt,et al.  Digital image processing (2nd ed.) , 1991 .

[28]  T. K. Truong,et al.  Comparison of international standards for lossless still image compression , 1994, Proc. IEEE.

[29]  Moncef Gabbouj,et al.  FIR-Boolean Hybrid Filtering Architecture and Applications in Image Processing , 1997 .

[30]  Nasir D. Memon,et al.  An asymmetric lossless image compression technique , 1995, Proceedings., International Conference on Image Processing.

[31]  Yong Hoon Lee,et al.  Threshold Boolean filters , 1994, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[32]  Chang-Lin Huang,et al.  New ADPCM image coder using frequency weighted directional filters , 1995, Other Conferences.

[33]  Anastasios N. Venetsanopoulos,et al.  Comparative study of several nonlinear image interpolation schemes , 1992, Other Conferences.

[34]  Bing Zeng,et al.  Far-infrared stack hybrid filters , 1991 .

[35]  Anil K. Jain.  Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing , 2018, Control of Color Imaging Systems.

[36]  Yong Hoon Lee,et al.  Applications of a DPCM system with median predictors for image coding , 1992 .

[37]  Moncef Gabbouj,et al.  Adaptive Skeletonization Using Multistage Boolean and Stack Filtering , 1994 .

[38]  Gregory K. Wallace,et al.  The JPEG still picture compression standard , 1992 .